{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:17:32Z","timestamp":1790828252323,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Mutah"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009122","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009122","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003347","name":"Fudan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MRSA is a major cause of hospital-acquired and community-acquired infections. Treatment options for MRSA are limited because of the rapid development of \u03b2-lactam resistance. Combining antibiotics offers an affordable, time-saving, viable and efficient approach for developing novel antimicrobial therapies. Both amoxicillin and cefdinir are oral \u03b2-lactams with indications for a wide range of bacterial infections and mild side effects. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of combining these two \u03b2-lactams against MRSA strains.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fourteen representative prevalent MRSA strains with diverse sequence types (STs) were tested with a combination of amoxicillin and cefdinir, using chequerboard and time\u2013kill assays. The Galleria mellonella larvae infection model was used to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of this dual combination against the community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) strain USA300 and the hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA) strain COL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The chequerboard assay revealed a synergistic activity of the dual amoxicillin\/cefdinir combination against all tested MRSA strains, with fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) values below 0.5 and at least a 4-fold reduction in the MICs of both antibiotics. Time\u2013kill assays demonstrated synergistic bactericidal activity of this dual combination against the MRSA strain USA300 and strain COL. Moreover, in vivo studies showed that the administration of amoxicillin\/cefdinir combination to G. mellonella larvae infected with MRSA strains significantly improved the survival rate up to 82%, which was comparable to the efficacy of vancomycin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that the dual combination of amoxicillin\/cefdinir demonstrates a synergistic bactericidal efficacy against MRSA strains of various STs. Further research is needed to explore its potential as a treatment option for MRSA infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkae165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T08:46:52Z","timestamp":1715244412000},"page":"1677-1682","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Synergistic bactericidal activity of a novel dual \u03b2-lactam combination against methicillin-resistant\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Hala","family":"Altarawneh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Manchester M13 9PT , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Turki","family":"Alhomra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Manchester M13 9PT , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohanned","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Manchester M13 9PT , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaxin","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Manchester M13 9PT , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy P","family":"Derrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Manchester M13 9PT , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4492-9156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoqing","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Manchester M13 9PT , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024070109571669100_dkae165-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1086\/595011","article-title":"Bad bugs, no drugs: no ESKAPE! 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