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The study aimed to compare body surface area (BSA)-based and fixed dosing regimens through population pharmacokinetic (PPK) analysis and to optimize dosing regimens likely to achieve therapeutic exposures.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Opportunistic sampling was used to collect plasma concentrations through a prospective observational pharmacokinetic study. PPK analysis and Monte Carlo simulations (n\u200a=\u200a1000) were performed using NONMEM.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 86 samples of 30 adolescents (12\u201317\u2005years old) were best described by a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model. BSA is the only covariate on clearance and central volume of distribution. For Candida glabrata and Candida albicans, a standard dosing regimen could achieve at least a 90% probability of target attainment for the indicator of AUC0\u201324\/MIC90. Dosing regimen simulations identified a BSA cut-off value of 1.3\u2005m2, where a fixed loading dose (LD) is preferred when BSA\u200a\u2265\u200a1.3\u2005m2 and a BSA-based LD is preferred when BSA\u200a&amp;lt;\u200a1.3\u2005m2. For maintenance dose (MD), however, the BSA-based dose was proposed, regardless of BSA. The current maximum dosing regimen of LD 70\u2005mg\/day and MD 70\u2005mg\/day could not result in sufficient antifungal exposure for Candida parapsilosis with MIC90 of 1\u2005mg\/L. Furthermore, an LD of 70\u2005mg\/day and MD of 60\u2005mg\/m2\/day rendered 90.4% steady-state trough concentration (Ctrough) over 1\u2005mg\/L in the virtual population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our study proposed optimized dosing regimens of caspofungin based on AUC0\u201324\/MIC90 or Ctrough, which may support further individualized treatment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkae276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T18:13:57Z","timestamp":1723227237000},"page":"2678-2687","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Optimal dosing regimen of caspofungin in adolescents with allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Bin","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jining No. 2 People\u2019s Hospital , Jining ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan 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Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University , Jinan ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"van den Anker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Children\u2019s National Hospital , Washington, DC ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences , Washington, DC ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, University of Basel Children\u2019s Hospital , Basel 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