{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T21:46:21Z","timestamp":1788471981534,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515220153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515220153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province Natural Science Foundation","award":["2022A1515012481"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515012481"]}]},{"name":"President Foundation of The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University","award":["YZ2022ZX01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YZ2022ZX01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mechanisms of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) resistance to azithromycin have rarely been reported. Here we investigate the epidemiology and genetic features of 10 azithromycin-resistant NTS isolates.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 457 NTS isolates were collected from a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou. We performed antimicrobial susceptibility tests, conjugation experiments, efflux pump expression tests, whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis to conduct the study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The results showed that 10 NTS isolates (2.8%) were resistant to azithromycin with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 128 to 512\u2005mg\/L and exhibited multidrug resistance. The phylogenetic tree revealed that 5 S. London isolates (AR1\u2013AR5) recognized at different times and departments were closely related [3\u201374 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] and 2 S. Typhimurium isolates (AR7 and AR8) were clones (&amp;lt;3 SNPs) at 3-month intervals. The azithromycin resistance was conferred by mph(A) gene found on different plasmids, including IncFIB, IncHI2, InFII, IncC and IncI plasmids. Among them, IncFIB, InFII and IncHI2 plasmids carried different IS26-class 1 integron (intI1) arrangement patterns that mediated multidrug resistance transmission. Conjugative IncC plasmid encoded resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone and azithromycin. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that mph(A)-positive plasmids closely related to 10 plasmids in this study were mainly discovered from NTS, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Enterobacter hormaechei. The genetic environment of mph(A) in 10 NTS isolates was IS26-mph(A)-mrx(A)-mphR(A)-IS6100\/IS26 that co-arranged with intI1 harbour multidrug-resistant (MDR) gene cassettes on diverse plasmids.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These findings highlighted that the dissemination of these plasmids carrying mph(A) and various intI1 MDR gene cassettes would seriously restrict the availability of essential antimicrobial agents for treating NTS infections.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkae281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T18:16:01Z","timestamp":1723227361000},"page":"2688-2697","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Plasmid-mediated azithromycin resistance in non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella<\/i> recovered from human infections"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9836-3544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi-Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-Jie","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi-Han","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Lan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Jun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Long","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6554-6811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao-Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People\u2019s Hospital of Shunde) , No. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024093023521412200_dkae281-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1086\/650733","article-title":"The global burden of nontyphoidal Salmonella gastroenteritis","volume":"50","author":"Majowicz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024093023521412200_dkae281-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11010001","article-title":"Evaluation of antibiotic 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