{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T14:00:27Z","timestamp":1783605627759,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32141001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32141001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024KY1309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024KY1309"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024ZL710"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024ZL710"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To assess the impact of mutations in the two-component sensor envZ on antibiotic resistance and virulence in the evolutionary dynamics of MDR Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Five S. enteritidis isolates obtained from a patient with multisite invasive infections were analysed. Analysis of antibiotic resistance genes, virulence genes and SNP was performed through WGS. RNA sequencing, quantitative RT\u2013PCR, virulence testing in a Galleria mellonella (G. mellonella) infection model and in vitro cell experiments were used to examine the effects of envZ mutations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>WGS revealed identical resistance and virulence genes on an IncFIB(S)\/IncFII(S)\/IncX1 fusion plasmid in all strains. The faecal strains harboured envZ mutations, reducing outer membrane protein ompD and ompF transcriptional level. Virulence testing demonstrated elevated virulence in envZ mutant strains. In vitro experiments revealed increased adhesion, invasion and phagocytosis resistance in envZ mutants, along with reduced biofilm formation and growth rates.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These findings highlight novel genetic locations on envZ influencing antibiotic resistance and virulence in clinical S. enteritidis strains. envZ mutations impact antibiotic resistance by down-regulating ompD and ompF expression and enhance virulence, contributing to multisite infections with increased fitness costs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkae355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T15:34:32Z","timestamp":1728056072000},"page":"3254-3263","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The two-component sensor factor <i>envZ<\/i> influences antibiotic resistance and virulence in the evolutionary dynamics of multidrug-resistant <i>Salmonella enteritidis<\/i> causing multisite invasive infections"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Lifei","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hangzhou First People\u2019s Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University , Hangzhou 310006 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou 310016 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinhong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022 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,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenghai","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People\u2019s Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University , Hangzhou 310006 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hangzhou First People\u2019s Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University , Hangzhou 310006 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hangzhou First People\u2019s Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University , Hangzhou 310006 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