{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T20:43:58Z","timestamp":1770756238875,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Korean government","award":["2020R1F1A1067794"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1F1A1067794"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our research aimed to investigate the potential of in vitro triple antimicrobial synergism against carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) as a strategy to overcome antimicrobial resistance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used 12 CRPA blood isolates stocked in the Asian Bacterial Bank between 2016 and 2018. All isolates were tested by multi-locus sequencing and carbapenemase multiplex PCR. To assess the antimicrobial interactions, we performed time\u2013kill assays using double or triple combination regimens. These regimens included CST and\/or rifampin combined with IPM, MEM, or CZA. The assay was conducted at 1\u00d7 and 0.5\u00d7 MICs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among the 12 CRPA isolates, nine produced metallo-beta-lactamases (6 IMP-6, 2 VIM-2 and 1 NDM-1). In the time\u2013kill assay, the median viable bacterial count for CST\u2013rifampin was the lowest among double combinations after 24\u2005h incubation (2.25 log cfu\/mL at 1\u00d7 MIC and 3.71 log cfu\/mL at 0.5\u00d7 MIC). In contrast, all triple combinations achieved 0 log cfu\/mL at both 1\u00d7 MIC and 0.5\u00d7 MIC. Compared with CST\u2013rifampin (synergism: 25% at 1\u00d7 MIC, 42% at 0.5\u00d7 MIC; bactericidal: 50% at 1\u00d7 MIC, 42% at 0.5\u00d7 MIC), all triple combinations showed greater synergism and bactericidal activity at both 1\u00d7 MIC (50%\u201375% for synergism, 75%\u201383% for bactericidal activity) and 0.5\u00d7 MIC (58%\u201375% for both).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings suggest that CST\u2013rifampin-based triple antimicrobial combinations exhibit greater synergy and bactericidal activity in eradicating CRPA compared with double antimicrobial combinations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkae466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T09:49:06Z","timestamp":1735638546000},"page":"738-745","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Synergistic effects of colistin\u2013rifampin-based triple antimicrobial combination therapy against Carbapenem-resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i>: a time-kill assay"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7763-8940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Si-Ho","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Changwon ,","place":["South Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hye Mee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351 ,","place":["South Korea"]},{"name":"Asia Pacific Foundation for Infectious Diseases (APFID) , Seoul ,","place":["South 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Seoul 06351 ,","place":["South Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5140-3964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyungmin","family":"Huh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351 ,","place":["South Korea"]},{"name":"Asia Pacific Foundation for Infectious Diseases (APFID) , Seoul ,","place":["South Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sun Young","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351 ,","place":["South Korea"]},{"name":"Center for Infection Prevention and Control, Samsung Medical Center , Seoul ,","place":["South 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