{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:06:06Z","timestamp":1792785966413,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundations of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82073894"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82073894"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"New Medicine Clinical Research Fund","award":["4246Z512"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4246Z512"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Infection specialists show considerable variation in practice, with some advocating IV-to-oral switch for Gram-positive bloodstream infections (GP-BSIs). The efficacy and safety of early switching remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review of the efficacy of an early switch to oral antimicrobial therapy in patients with GP-BSIs compared with IV therapy, including treatment failure, all-cause mortality, recurrence, hospital readmission rates, length of hospital stay and adverse events (AEs). PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library Database were independently searched up to May 2025. ROBINS-I and ROB-2 tools were used.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 27 studies with 6015 patients were included. Although treatment failure in the IV-to-oral group is comparable to that of IV treatment, the 30-day (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.13, 0.83) and 90-day all-cause mortality (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.36, 0.97) in patients with GP-BSIs were significantly lower in association with oral switch. Notably, the decline in all-cause mortality rate was more pronounced in the subgroups of S. aureus (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.26, 0.53), oral conversion time \u22657\u2005days (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.16, 0.38) and switched to oral non-\u03b2-lactam antibiotics (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.39, 0.86). Moreover, oral switch therapy significantly reduced hospital stay (MD \u22126.21\u2005days, 95% CI \u22127.99, \u22124.43). Recurrence rate, hospital readmission rates and AEs were similar between IV and oral switch groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This meta-analysis, although primarily based on observational studies, supports that transitioning from IV to oral therapy constitutes a suitable alternative for patients with GP-BSIs exclusively managed via parenteral administration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaf209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T07:54:32Z","timestamp":1750319672000},"page":"2344-2360","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Efficacy and safety of earlier switching to an oral antibiotic therapy for the treatment of Gram-positive bloodstream infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"ZhaoYi","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Medicine Clinical Research, Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center, PLA General Hospital , 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"WenXin","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Medicine Clinical Research, Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center, PLA General Hospital , 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Medicine Clinical Research, Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center, PLA General Hospital , 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BeiBei","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Medicine Clinical Research, Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center, PLA General Hospital , 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Medicine Clinical Research, Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center, PLA General Hospital , 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6687-9984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Medicine Clinical Research, Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center, PLA General Hospital , 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090219521915900_dkaf209-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12195","article-title":"Overall burden of bloodstream infection and nosocomial bloodstream infection in North America and Europe","volume":"19","author":"Goto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2025090219521915900_dkaf209-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2019.10.031","article-title":"Burden of bacterial bloodstream infection-a brief update on epidemiology and significance of multidrug-resistant pathogens","volume":"26","author":"Kern","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2025090219521915900_dkaf209-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.05022-11","article-title":"Predictors of mortality in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"25","author":"van Hal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"2025090219521915900_dkaf209-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S26","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(09)70562-X","article-title":"Risk factors and management of Gram-positive bacteraemia","volume":"34","author":"Cervera","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"2025090219521915900_dkaf209-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-57317-1_11","volume-title":"Infection Management in Hematology. 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