{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T05:37:06Z","timestamp":1768455426710,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cellulitis and impetigo account for many outpatients\u2019 visits and antibiotic prescriptions. They are mainly caused respectively by Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. French guidelines recommend amoxicillin as a first-line antibiotic for cellulitis and pristinamycin for severe impetigo, whereas the UK guidelines recommend flucloxacillin for both infections and no Belgian guidelines are published.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the prescription patterns of cellulitis and impetigo in general practice and to assess the potential impact of the implementation of national guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used a prescription software database (Cegedim) from 2013 to 2023 in France, the UK and Belgium. The annual rate of antibiotic prescription associated with cellulitis and impetigo was assessed. A segmented linear regression was performed to assess the impact of the implementation of the guidelines in 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of amoxicillin for the diagnosis of cellulitis increased from 18.2% to 36.2% in France. Flucloxacillin use increased from 41.1% to 51.6% in the UK. In Belgium, no change in antibiotic use was observed with amoxicillin-clavulanate being the most commonly prescribed antibiotic.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>In France, the use of pristinamycin and amoxicillin-clavulanate for the diagnosis of impetigo increased from 13.8% and 22.2% to 21.1% and 33.1%, respectively. In Belgium and the UK, flucloxacillin was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic, with prescription rates increasing from 55.7% to 62.6% and from 71.8% to 82.6%, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Publication of guidelines did not affect antibiotic prescribing patterns<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prescribing patterns are very heterogeneous across European countries and publication of guidelines did not affect prescribing habits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaf400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T12:03:15Z","timestamp":1760097795000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Differences in prescription for impetigo and cellulitis across years in three European countries"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Bettuzzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Dermatologie, H\u00f4pital Henri Mondor, AP-HP, EpiDermE, Universit\u00e9 Paris Est Cr\u00e9teil Val de Marne , Cr\u00e9teil ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Strady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Groupe Hospitalier Sud Ile de France , Melun ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"Diamantis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Groupe Hospitalier Sud Ile de France , Melun ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Dynamic Research Unit, Universit\u00e9 Paris Est Cr\u00e9teil , Cr\u00e9teil ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9609-8246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matta","family":"Matta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Groupe Hospitalier Sud Ile de France , Melun ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026011413265747400_dkaf400-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.8825","article-title":"Cellulitis: a review","volume":"316","author":"Raff","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026011413265747400_dkaf400-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-014-2092-0","article-title":"Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. 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