{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T05:41:27Z","timestamp":1768455687179,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Regional Research Committee of \u00d6rebro","award":["OLL-1005008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OLL-1005008"]}]},{"name":"Regional Research Committee of \u00d6rebro","award":["OLL-996412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OLL-996412"]}]},{"name":"Nyckelfonden Research Foundation","award":["OLL-1001050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OLL-1001050"]}]},{"name":"Nyckelfonden Research Foundation","award":["OLL-780321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OLL-780321"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003509","name":"\u00d6rebro University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003509","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Optimal antibiotic treatment is important in the treatment of sepsis. However, patients with sepsis are at risk of suboptimal antibiotic concentrations. This study aimed to evaluate \u03b2-lactam antibiotic concentrations during the first 48\u2005h in patients with community-acquired sepsis admitted to the ICU, and to identify variables associated with antibiotic concentrations that were too low or too high.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective, observational, single-centre study included patients aged \u226518\u2005years with a high likelihood of infection, a SOFA score of \u22652p, planned \u03b2-lactam antibiotic treatment, and ICU admission. The exclusion criteria were ongoing antibiotic treatment and\/or nosocomial infections. \u03b2-Lactam concentrations were measured up to seven times during the first 48\u2005h. The estimated trough concentrations were divided by the predetermined MIC to generate MIC-multiples for comparison. Patients were allocated to three groups based on the MIC-multiple (MIC\u00d7\u200a&amp;lt;\u200a1, 1\u20138 or &amp;gt;8).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty patients were included, with a median of seven samples per patient (257 samples). The group with MIC-multiples of &amp;lt;1 (n\u200a=\u200a16) was associated with younger age, lower Charlson comorbidity index, Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3, creatinine concentration, and need for noradrenaline. The group with MIC-multiples of &amp;gt;8 (n\u200a=\u200a15) had higher creatinine and noradrenaline levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ICU patients with sepsis are at risk of either too low or too high antibiotic concentrations, and specific patient characteristics may be predictable. Therapeutic drug monitoring in combination with model-informed precision dosing may also help to optimize antibiotic dosing in the early phase of community-acquired sepsis to prevent treatment failure and toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaf401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T12:03:05Z","timestamp":1760097785000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u03b2-Lactam concentrations monitored in the early phase of community-acquired sepsis in the intensive care unit"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7002-6140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Liljedahl Prytz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health, \u00d6rebro University , \u00d6rebro ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"School of Medical Sciences, \u00d6rebro University , \u00d6rebro 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