{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T21:54:47Z","timestamp":1788472487407,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council for a Centre of Research Excellence","award":["APP2007007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP2007007"]}]},{"name":"Investigator Grant","award":["APP2009736"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP2009736"]}]},{"name":"Advancing Queensland Clinical Fellowship"},{"name":"Sunshine Coast Hospital and Health Service Study Education Research Trust Fund"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009725","name":"Wishlist","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Critically ill patients exhibit altered pharmacokinetics, rendering antibiotic dosing challenging. Achieving therapeutic antibiotic exposures may be improved with the use of precision dosing software programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To quantify and compare both a priori and a posteriori predictive performance of an antibiotic precision dosing software program in a heterogenous cohort of critically ill adults with infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The precision dosing program, ID-ODSTM, was used to predict a priori and a posteriori concentrations for piperacillin, meropenem, cefepime, flucloxacillin and vancomycin using clinical and demographic data derived from a previous study in critically ill adults (GUIDE trial). Predicted concentrations were compared to observed concentrations using pre-specified acceptance criteria (median predictive error (MDPE) \u226420% and median absolute predictive error (MDAPE) \u226430%), along with F20 and F30 metrics. Furthermore, the impact of predictions on theoretical dosing recommendations to achieve pre-defined drug exposures was assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The a priori predictive performance in 81 patients administered beta-lactams did not meet any pre-specified acceptance criteria (pooled MDPE \u221235% and MDAPE 58%). However, all beta-lactams met accuracy acceptance criteria for the a posteriori approach (pooled MDPE \u22123.6%), although only cefepime demonstrated acceptable precision and F20 and F30 acceptance. In 25 patients administered vancomycin, a priori predictive performance met all acceptance criteria for accuracy and precision.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>When assessing a priori theoretical dosing recommendation concordance, approximately one in three predictions led to an unnecessary dosing action. Concordance was similar with an a posteriori approach, however, overprediction was observed in 20% of meropenem predictions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a heterogenous adult ICU population, the a priori predictive performance of vancomycin was shown to be acceptable. Conversely, the a priori predictive performance for the beta-lactams was not acceptable. Although predictive performance improved with the a posteriori approach for beta-lactams, only cefepime met acceptance criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkag234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T19:10:12Z","timestamp":1784920212000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Predictive performance of an antibiotic precision dosing software program in critically ill adults with infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4867-4456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Frazer Institute, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Behavioural Sciences (HMBS), The University of Queensland , Brisbane ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Pharmacy Department, Sunshine Coast University Hospital , 6 Doherty St, Birtinya, Queensland 4575 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,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Optimum Dosing Strategies , 63 Reeve Ave, Bloomingdale, NJ 07403 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Spelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Health Services Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Centre of Population Health, Burnet Institute , Melbourne ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Clinical Translation Division, Walter & Eliza Hall Institute , Melbourne ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital & the University of Melbourne , Melbourne ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"School of Medicine, Adelaide University , Adelaide, South Australia ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason 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