{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T06:20:13Z","timestamp":1787811613785,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010035","name":"Outstanding Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20231524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20231524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32573422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32573422"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Fund of Taizhou University","award":["TZXYQD2024A034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TZXYQD2024A034"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012246","name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The tmexCD-toprJ and tet(X) are key determinants mediating tigecycline resistance in bacteria, and investigating their epidemiological characteristics in different bacteria is crucial for controlling the spread of tigecycline-resistant bacteria. This study aimed to conduct a detailed investigation on the characterization of a Thiopseudomonas alkaliphila isolate SA1F2-1K carrying a novel plasmid co-harbouring tmexCD-toprJ and tet(X).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An isolate SA1F2-1K co-harbouring tmexCD-toprJ and tet(X) was identified by PCR and was further characterized using antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation and electroporation experiments, S1-PFGE, whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A T. alkaliphila strain SA1F2-1K was isolated, which co-carried the tigecycline resistance gene cluster tmexC3D2-toprJ2 and the tet(X6) gene. This strain exhibited high-level resistance to tigecycline, kanamycin, florfenicol and tetracycline, and the tigecycline resistance genes of SA1F2-1K were non-transferable. S1-PFGE and whole-genome sequencing revealed that tmexC3D2-toprJ2 and tet(X6) were located on a novel untypable MDR plasmid pSA1F2-1K_200k. Genetic environment analysis showed that the acquisition of tmexC3D2-toprJ2 and tet(X6) might be associated with the \u25b3umuC gene and \u25b3ISCR2 element, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that T. alkaliphila strains isolated in recent years have acquired a greater number of resistance genes and insertion sequences compared with earlier isolates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study first reported the characterization of a T. alkaliphila strain carrying a novel large plasmid co-harbouring tmexC3D2-toprJ2 and tet(X6) genes, revealing the potential reservoir and transmission risk of clinically important tigecycline resistance genes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkag295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T11:16:21Z","timestamp":1786706181000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Emergence and characterization of a novel plasmid co-harbouring\n                    <i>tmexC3D2-toprJ2<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>tet<\/i>\n                    (X6) in\n                    <i>Thiopseudomonas alkaliphila<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Shiqi","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou, Jiangsu ,","place":["P. R. China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxuan","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou, Jiangsu ,","place":["P. R. China"]},{"name":"Yangzhou University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, , Yangzhou, Jiangsu ,","place":["P. R. China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1330-5925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Taizhou University , Taizhou, Jiangsu ,","place":["P. R. 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