{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T14:51:28Z","timestamp":1791384688933,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82572622"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82572622"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82272382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82272382"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82150610507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82150610507"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Zhejiang Province Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LZ24H190001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LZ24H190001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The global emergence of ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae threatens current first-line treatment and necessitates alternative therapeutic options. Tigecycline, a last-line glycylcycline antibiotic approved for complicated infections, was evaluated for repurposing against N. gonorrhoeae through in vitro and in vivo activity studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for 616 clinical isolates (2011\u20132024) from Hangzhou, China, and bactericidal activity was determined in time-kill assays. A mouse vaginal tract infection model was used to evaluate in vivo tigecycline activity. Chequerboard assays were performed to assess interactions between tigecycline and ceftriaxone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tigecycline demonstrated potent activity (MIC50: 0.125\u2005mg\/L; MIC90: 0.25\u2005mg\/L), including against tetracycline-resistant (tetracycline MIC50: 2\u2005mg\/L; MIC90: 64\u2005mg\/L) and high-level ceftriaxone-resistant (ceftriaxone MIC50: 0.03\u2005mg\/L; MIC90: 0.125\u2005mg\/L) strains. Time-kill assays (2 strains) revealed concentration-dependent bactericidal activity, with 4\u00d7MIC achieving \u2265105-fold killing. In the mouse vaginal tract infection model, high-dose tigecycline (25\u2005mg\/kg) significantly enhanced bacterial clearance, eliminating infection within 3\u20136\u2005days compared to 8\u201312\u2005days in vehicle controls, and substantially reduced bacterial burden. Chequerboard assays against 21 isolates (10 ceftriaxone-susceptible, 11 ceftriaxone-resistant) demonstrated indifferent interactions between tigecycline and ceftriaxone (fractional inhibitory concentration indices 1.03\u20132.56), indicating no antagonism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings establish that tigecycline exhibits potent, rapid bactericidal activity against N. gonorrhoeae, including against high-level ceftriaxone-resistant strains, with robust in vivo efficacy. They support further investigation of tigecycline as a potential repurposing candidate for multidrug-resistant gonorrhoea, although its clinical role remains to be defined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkag337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T11:09:44Z","timestamp":1790334584000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tigecycline displays bactericidal activity against multidrug-resistant\n                    <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>\n                    and enhances clearance from a mouse infection model"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Xia","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Haining ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoyu","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuling","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Haining ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dailin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Haining ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu\u2019ai","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuefeng","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8176-391X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stijn","family":"van der Veen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Haining ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment 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