{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T01:12:09Z","timestamp":1790471529338,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There are increasing concerns about treatment failure following treatment for rectal chlamydia with 1 g of azithromycin. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the efficacy of 1 g of azithromycin as a single dose or 100 mg of doxycycline twice daily for 7 days for the treatment of rectal chlamydia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medline, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Register and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched to the end of April 2014. Studies using 1 g of azithromycin or 7 days of doxycycline for the treatment of rectal chlamydia were eligible. Gender, diagnostic test, serovar, symptomatic status, other sexually transmitted infections, follow-up time, attrition and microbial cure were extracted. Meta-analysis was used to calculate pooled (i) azithromycin and doxycycline efficacy and (ii) efficacy difference.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All eight included studies were observational. The random-effects pooled efficacy for azithromycin (based on eight studies) was 82.9% (95% CI 76.0%\u201389.8%; I2\u200a=\u200a71.0%; P\u200a&amp;lt;\u200a0.01) and for doxycycline (based on five studies) was 99.6% (95% CI 98.6%\u2013100%; I2\u200a=\u200a0%; P\u200a=\u200a0.571), resulting in a random-effects pooled efficacy difference (based on five studies) of 19.9% (95% CI 11.4%\u201328.3%; I2\u200a=\u200a48.5%; P\u200a=\u200a0.101) in favour of doxycycline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The efficacy of single-dose azithromycin may be considerably lower than 1 week of doxycycline for treating rectal chlamydia. However, the available evidence is very poor. Robust randomized controlled trials are urgently required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,31]],"date-time":"2015-01-31T00:56:16Z","timestamp":1422665776000},"page":"1290-1297","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["The efficacy of azithromycin and doxycycline for the treatment of rectal chlamydia infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Fabian Yuh Shiong","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 \u00a0Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 3\/207 Bouverie St, Melbourne 3004, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sepehr N.","family":"Tabrizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 \u00a0Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Rd, Parkville 3052, Australia"},{"name":"3 \u00a0Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, 20 Flemington Road, Parkville 3052, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher Kincaid","family":"Fairley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4 \u00a0Monash University, Central Clinical School, 580 Swanston St, Melbourne 3053, Australia"},{"name":"5 \u00a0Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, 580 Swanston St, Melbourne 3053, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenka A.","family":"Vodstrcil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 \u00a0Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 3\/207 Bouverie St, Melbourne 3004, Australia"},{"name":"2 \u00a0Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Rd, Parkville 3052, Australia"},{"name":"5 \u00a0Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, 580 Swanston St, Melbourne 3053, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilhelmina M.","family":"Huston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6 \u00a0School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane 4000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5 \u00a0Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, 580 Swanston St, Melbourne 3053, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catriona","family":"Bradshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5 \u00a0Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, 580 Swanston St, Melbourne 3053, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane S.","family":"Hocking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 \u00a0Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 3\/207 Bouverie St, Melbourne 3004, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022020121021668200_DKU574C1","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2022020121021668200_DKU574C2","author":"National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System","year":"2013"},{"key":"2022020121021668200_DKU574C3","author":"Public Health England"},{"key":"2022020121021668200_DKU574C4","volume-title":"EPI-NEWS. 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