{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:29:42Z","timestamp":1790627382956,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000589","name":"Chief Scientist Office","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CZH4861"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZH4861"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000589","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T11:16:27Z","timestamp":1501586187000},"page":"3223-3231","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["A framework for ensuring a balanced accounting of the impact of antimicrobial stewardship interventions"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Madalina","family":"Toma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter G","family":"Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charis A","family":"Marwick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4191-4880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruce","family":"Guthrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B1","author":"NICE","year":"2005"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B2","first-page":"979","article-title":"Developing and evaluating complex interventions: the new Medical Research Council guidance","volume":"337","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices for hospital inpatients","volume":"4","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices for hospital inpatients","volume":"4","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices for hospital inpatients","volume":"2","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2015-004411","article-title":"SQUIRE 2.0 (Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence): revised publication guidelines from a detailed consensus process","volume":"25","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s40506-014-0015-3","article-title":"Antimicrobial stewardship programs: appropriate measures and metrics to study their impact","volume":"6","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1086\/510393","article-title":"Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America guidelines for developing an institutional program to enhance antimicrobial stewardship","volume":"44","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B9","first-page":"1","article-title":"A review of quality measures for assessing the impact of antimicrobial stewardship programs in hospitals","volume":"5","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B10","volume-title":"Diffusion of Innovations","year":"1995"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2006.05.017","article-title":"Categorizing the unintended sociotechnical consequences of computerized provider order entry","volume":"76","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Med Inform"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M2373","article-title":"The extent and importance of unintended consequences related to computerized provider order entry","volume":"14","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1136\/jamia.2010.007567","article-title":"Anticipating and addressing the unintended consequences of health IT and policy: a report from the AMIA 2009 Health Policy Meeting","volume":"18","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M2042","article-title":"Types of unintended consequences related to computerized provider order entry","volume":"13","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15591-8","article-title":"Effect of procalcitonin-guided treatment on antibiotic use and outcome in lower respiratory tract infections: cluster-randomised, single-blinded intervention trial","volume":"363","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2009.02709.x","article-title":"Antibiotic treatment interruption of suspected lower respiratory tract infections based on a single procalcitonin measurement at hospital admission\u2014a randomized trial","volume":"15","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e730","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-2881","article-title":"Inpatient bronchiolitis guideline implementation and resource utilization","volume":"133","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B18","first-page":"1578","article-title":"Unintended effects of a computerized physician order entry nearly hard-stop alert to prevent a drug interaction: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"170","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e187","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-1192","article-title":"Decreasing time to antibiotics in febrile patients with central lines in the emergency department","volume":"135","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e201","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-0153","article-title":"Improving timeliness of antibiotic delivery for patients with fever and suspected neutropenia in a pediatric emergency department","volume":"130","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1997.00440360105012","article-title":"Antibiotic opitimization: an evaluation of patient safety and economic outcomes","volume":"157","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1991.86","article-title":"A controlled trial of the cost benefit of computerized bayesian aminoglycoside administration","volume":"49","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl372","article-title":"Improving empirical antibiotic treatment using TREAT, a computerized decision support system: cluster randomized trial","volume":"58","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B24","first-page":"w13981","article-title":"Reduction in the use of diagnostic tests in infants with risk factors for early-onset neonatal sepsis does not delay antibiotic treatment","volume":"144","year":"2014","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1997.tb03710.x","article-title":"A randomized, prospective evaluation of an interventional program to discontinue intravenous antibiotics at two tertiary care teaching institutions","volume":"17","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-6701(03)00197-X","article-title":"A pseudo-outbreak of nosocomial infections associated with the introduction of an antibiotic management programme","volume":"55","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.4338\/ACI-2013-08-RA-0063","article-title":"Audit and feedback of antibiotic use: utilising electronic prescription data","volume":"4","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl Clin Inform"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1086\/523864","article-title":"Impact of automatic orders to discontinue vancomycin therapy on vancomycin use in an antimicrobial stewardship program","volume":"28","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1086\/513535","article-title":"Evaluation of antimicrobial therapy orders circumventing an antimicrobial stewardship program: investigating the strategy of \"stealth dosing\"","volume":"28","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1086\/523861","article-title":"Effect of communication errors during calls to an antimicrobial stewardship program","volume":"28","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E41","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.561","article-title":"Impact of a restrictive antimicrobial policy on the process and timing of antimicrobial administration","volume":"5","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hosp Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B32","first-page":"137","article-title":"Reporting hospitals' antibiotic timing in pneumonia: adverse consequences for patients?","volume":"15","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-0164","article-title":"Misdiagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia and inappropriate utilization of antibiotics: side effects of the 4-h antibiotic administration rule","volume":"131","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2007.84","article-title":"Antibiotic timing and errors in diagnosing pneumonia","volume":"168","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-149-1-200807010-00007","article-title":"Public reporting of antibiotic timing in patients with pneumonia: lessons from a flawed performance measure","volume":"149","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsb1002320","article-title":"Accountability measures\u2014using measurement to promote quality improvement","volume":"363","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2625","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014010035","article-title":"Risk of AKI with gentamicin as surgical prophylaxis","volume":"25","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B38","author":"Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC)","year":"2017"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B39","article-title":"Good epidemiological practice: a narrative review of appropriate scientific methods to evaluate the impact of antimicrobial stewardship interventions","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect 2017"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2710.2002.00430.x","article-title":"Segmented regression analysis of interrupted time series studies in medication use research","volume":"27","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2013.838643","article-title":"SEIPS 2.0: a human factors framework for studying and improving the work of healthcare professionals and patients","volume":"56","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B42","author":"National Clinical Effectiveness Committee","year":"2014"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50.","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-4-50","article-title":"Fostering implementation of health services research findings into practice: a consolidated framework for advancing implementation science","volume":"4","year":"2009","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B44","year":"2009"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2013-001862","article-title":"Systematic review of the application of the plan-do-study-act method to improve quality in healthcare","volume":"23","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2015-005076","article-title":"The problem with Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles","volume":"25","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B47","year":"2012"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1086\/505918","article-title":"Inaccurate communications in telephone calls to an antimicrobial stewardship program","volume":"27","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.10.1197","article-title":"Role of computerized physician order entry systems in facilitating medication errors","volume":"293","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1080\/01900699508525011","article-title":"On the unintended consequences of publishing performance data in the public sector","volume":"18","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Publ Admin"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B51","first-page":"11.","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators of evidence-based management of patients with bacterial infections among general dental practitioners: a theory-informed interview study","volume":"11","year":"2016","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2015-004480","article-title":"Explanation and elaboration of the SQUIRE (Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence) Guidelines, V.2.0: examples of SQUIRE elements in the healthcare improvement literature","volume":"25","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70082-8","article-title":"The ORION statement: guidelines for transparent reporting of outbreak reports and intervention studies of nosocomial infection","volume":"7","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B54","first-page":"1628","article-title":"Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration","volume":"18","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e010134.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010134","article-title":"STROBE-AMS: recommendations to optimise reporting of epidemiological studies on antimicrobial resistance and informing improvement in antimicrobial stewardship","volume":"6","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B56","author":"The COMET Initiative"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132.","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-13-132","article-title":"Developing core outcome sets for clinical trials: issues to consider","volume":"13","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1086\/321880","article-title":"Impact of a hospital-based antimicrobial management program on clinical and economic outcomes","volume":"33","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp128","article-title":"Temporal effects of antibiotic use and Clostridium difficile infections","volume":"63","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs458","article-title":"Renal impairment after high-dose flucloxacillin and single-dose gentamicin prophylaxis in patients undergoing elective hip and knee replacement","volume":"28","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2598","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw166","article-title":"Reduction in post-operative acute kidney injury following a change in antibiotic prophylaxis policy for orthopaedic surgery: an observational study","volume":"71","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2357","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.161.19.2357","article-title":"Reducing infections among women undergoing cesarean section in Colombia by means of continuous quality improvement methods","volume":"161","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171121052620_dkx312-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S53","DOI":"10.7326\/M13-3016","article-title":"Antibiotic self-stewardship: trainee-led structured antibiotic time-outs to improve antimicrobial use","volume":"161","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jac\/article-pdf\/72\/12\/3223\/21899168\/dkx312.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T22:28:05Z","timestamp":1719354485000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jac\/article\/72\/12\/3223\/4100561"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,31]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dkx312","relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-7453","1460-2091"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-7453","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2091","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,31]]}}}