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Aspergillus fumigatus is the most prevalent pathogen isolated from patients with invasive aspergillosis, accounting for more than 60% of all cases. Currently, the only antifungal agents available with consistent activity against A. fumigatus are the mould-active triazoles and amphotericin B, of which the triazoles commonly represent both front-line and salvage therapeutic options. Unfortunately, the treatment of infections caused by A. fumigatus has recently been further complicated by the global emergence of triazole resistance among both clinical and environmental isolates. Mutations in the A. fumigatus sterol-demethylase gene cyp51A, overexpression of cyp51A and overexpression of efflux pump genes are all known to contribute to resistance, yet much of the triazole resistance among A. fumigatus still remains unexplained. Also lacking is clinical experience with therapeutic options for the treatment of triazole-resistant A. fumigatus infections and mortality associated with these infections remains unacceptably high. Thus, further research is greatly needed to both better understand the emerging threat of triazole-resistant A. fumigatus and to develop novel therapeutic strategies to combat these resistant infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,27]],"date-time":"2018-11-27T20:11:22Z","timestamp":1543349482000},"page":"835-842","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Emerging threat of triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9317-0935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey M","family":"Rybak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jarrod R","family":"Fortwendel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P David","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019072505402577000_dky517-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165rv13.","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3004404","article-title":"Hidden killers: human fungal infections","volume":"4","author":"Brown","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci Transl 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