{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T10:03:25Z","timestamp":1785578605811,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute Cancer Center CORE","award":["16672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16672"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Candida auris is an emerging, often MDR, yeast pathogen. Efficient animal models are needed to study its pathogenicity and treatment. Therefore, we developed a C. auris fruit fly infection model.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>TollI-RXA\/Tollr632 female flies were infected with 10 different C. auris strains from the CDC Antimicrobial Resistance bank panel. We used three clinical Candida albicans strains as controls. For drug protection assays, fly survival was assessed along with measurement of fungal burden (cfu\/g tissue) and histopathology in C. auris-infected flies fed with fluconazole- or posaconazole-containing food.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Despite slower in vitro growth, all 10 C. auris isolates caused significantly greater mortality than C. albicans in infected flies, with &amp;gt;80% of C. auris-infected flies dying by day 7 post-infection (versus 67% with C. albicans, P\u205f&amp;lt;\u205f0.001\u20130.005). Comparison of C. auris isolates from different geographical clades revealed more rapid in vitro growth of South American isolates and greater virulence in infected flies, whereas the aggregative capacity of C. auris strains had minimal impact on their growth and pathogenicity. Survival protection and decreased fungal burden of fluconazole- or posaconazole-fed flies infected with two C. auris strains were in line with the isolates\u2019 disparate in vitro azole susceptibility. High reproducibility of survival curves for both non-treated and antifungal-treated infected flies was seen, with coefficients of variation of 0.00\u20130.31 for 7\u2009day mortality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Toll-deficient flies could provide a fast, reliable and inexpensive model to study pathogenesis and drug activity in C. auris candidiasis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]],"date-time":"2019-03-28T20:13:21Z","timestamp":1553804001000},"page":"1904-1910","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["<i>Drosophila melanogaster<\/i> as a model to study virulence and azole treatment of the emerging pathogen <i>Candida auris<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Wurster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwini","family":"Bandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas D","family":"Beyda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathaniel D","family":"Albert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitya M","family":"Raman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaam I","family":"Raad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios P","family":"Kontoyiannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021031605303481600_dkz100-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00578.","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.578","article-title":"Candida auris: a systematic review and meta-analysis of current updates on an emerging multidrug-resistant pathogen","volume":"7","author":"Osei Sekyere","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiologyopen"},{"key":"2021031605303481600_dkz100-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00029-17","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00029-17","article-title":"Candida auris: a review of the literature","volume":"31","author":"Jeffery-Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2021031605303481600_dkz100-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615958.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/615958","article-title":"Non-albicans Candida infection: an emerging threat","volume":"2014","author":"Deorukhkar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis"},{"key":"2021031605303481600_dkz100-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix597","article-title":"The Candida auris alert: facts and perspectives","volume":"217","author":"Lamoth","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2021031605303481600_dkz100-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw691","article-title":"Simultaneous emergence of multidrug-resistant Candida auris on 3 continents confirmed by whole-genome sequencing and epidemiological analyses","volume":"64","author":"Lockhart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2021031605303481600_dkz100-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3081.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.03081","article-title":"Candida auris: what have we learned about its mechanisms of pathogenicity?","volume":"9","author":"Rossato","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2021031605303481600_dkz100-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01872-17","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01872-17","article-title":"Fluconazole-resistant Candida auris is susceptible to salivary histatin 5 killing and to intrinsic host defenses","volume":"62","author":"Pathirana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2021031605303481600_dkz100-B8","first-page":"e02396","article-title":"The emerging pathogen Candida auris: growth phenotype, virulence factors, activity of antifungals, and effect of SCY-078, a novel glucan synthesis inhibitor, on growth morphology and biofilm formation","volume":"61","author":"Larkin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2021031605303481600_dkz100-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2996","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00921-17","article-title":"Survival, persistence, and isolation of the emerging multidrug-resistant pathogenic yeast Candida auris on a plastic healthcare surface","volume":"55","author":"Welsh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2021031605303481600_dkz100-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00189-16","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00189-16","article-title":"Comparative pathogenicity of United Kingdom isolates of the emerging pathogen Candida auris and other key pathogenic Candida species","volume":"1","author":"Borman","year":"2016","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"2021031605303481600_dkz100-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2302.161320","article-title":"Biofilm-forming capability of highly virulent multidrug-resistant Candida auris","volume":"23","author":"Sherry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2021031605303481600_dkz100-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2302.161486","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant Candida haemulonii 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