{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T15:41:19Z","timestamp":1788104479859,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"EDCTP2 programme"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["TMA2016SF-1463-REMODELTZ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TMA2016SF-1463-REMODELTZ"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"DELTAS Africa Initiative"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011858","name":"African Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Alliance for Accelerating Excellence"},{"name":"New Partnership for Africa\u2019s Development Planning and Coordinating Agency"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["107753\/A\/15\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107753\/A\/15\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013986","name":"UK Government","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013986","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["# U01AI115594"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["# U01AI115594"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rifampicin- or multidrug-resistant (RR\/MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains account for considerable morbidity and mortality globally. WGS-based prediction of drug resistance may guide clinical decisions, especially for the design of RR\/MDR-TB therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We compared WGS-based drug resistance-predictive mutations for 42 MTBC isolates from MDR-TB patients in Tanzania with the MICs of 14 antibiotics measured in the Sensititre\u2122 MycoTB assay. An isolate was phenotypically categorized as resistant if it had an MIC above the epidemiological-cut-off (ECOFF) value, or as susceptible if it had an MIC below or equal to the ECOFF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, genotypically non-wild-type MTBC isolates with high-level resistance mutations (gNWT-R) correlated with isolates with MIC values above the ECOFF. For instance, the median MIC value (mg\/L) for rifampicin-gNWT-R strains was &amp;gt;4.0 (IQR 4.0\u20134.0) compared with 0.5 (IQR 0.38\u20130.50) in genotypically wild-type (gWT-S, P\u200a&amp;lt;\u200a0.001); isoniazid-gNWT-R &amp;gt;4.0 (IQR 2.0\u20134.0) compared with 0.25 (IQR 0.12\u20131.00) among gWT-S (P\u200a=\u200a0.001); ethionamide-gNWT-R 15.0 (IQR 10.0\u201320.0) compared with 2.50 (IQR; 2.50\u20135.00) among gWT-S (P\u200a&amp;lt;\u200a0.001). WGS correctly predicted resistance in 95% (36\/38) and 100% (38\/38) of the rifampicin-resistant isolates with ECOFFs &amp;gt;0.5 and &amp;gt;0.125\u2005mg\/L, respectively. No known resistance-conferring mutations were present in genes associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, capreomycin, bedaquiline, delamanid, linezolid, clofazimine, cycloserine, or p-amino salicylic acid.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>WGS-based drug resistance prediction worked well to rule-in phenotypic drug resistance and the absence of second-line drug resistance-mediating mutations has the potential to guide the design of RR\/MDR-TB regimens in the future.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlac042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T07:08:27Z","timestamp":1649920107000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Whole genome sequencing-based drug resistance predictions of multidrug-resistant\n                    <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>\n                    isolates from Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Peter M.","family":"Mbelele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kibong\u2019oto Infectious Diseases Hospital (KIDH), Siha, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"},{"name":"Department of Global Health and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Utpatel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) Tuberculosis Unit, Borstel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elingarami","family":"Sauli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6210-9445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel A.","family":"Mpolya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice K.","family":"Mutayoba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, National AIDS Control Program, Department of Preventive Services, Dodoma, Tanzania"},{"name":"CIHLMU Center for International Health, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Barilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) Tuberculosis Unit, Borstel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viola","family":"Dreyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) Tuberculosis Unit, Borstel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Merker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany"},{"name":"Evolution of the Resistome, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaretha L.","family":"Sariko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Buliga M.","family":"Swema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blandina T.","family":"Mmbaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania"},{"name":"Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Gratz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kennedy K.","family":"Addo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Pletschette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIHLMU Center for International Health, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Niemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) Tuberculosis Unit, Borstel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric R.","family":"Houpt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stellah G.","family":"Mpagama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kibong\u2019oto Infectious Diseases Hospital (KIDH), Siha, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"},{"name":"Department of Global Health and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania"},{"name":"Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania"},{"name":"Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott K.","family":"Heysell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00114","article-title":"Molecular targets related drug resistance mechanisms in MDR-, XDR-, and TDR-Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains","volume":"8","author":"Hameed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx506","article-title":"Evolution of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A review on the molecular determinants of resistance and implications for personalized care","volume":"73","author":"Dookie","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B3","article-title":"WHO Consolidated guidelines on drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Heal Organ"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B4","volume-title":"Meeting report of the WHO expert consultation on the definition of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, 27-29 October 2020","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B5","volume-title":"The National Tuberculosis and leprosy Programme. Annual report of 2018","author":"National Tuberculosis and leprosy Programme","year":"2018"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B6","volume-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2020","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2020"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0172748","article-title":"MDR-TB treatment as prevention: The projected population-level impact of expanded treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"12","author":"Kendall","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.12.0959","article-title":"Assessment of tuberculosis burden in China using a dynamic disease simulation model","volume":"17","author":"Mehra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B9","volume-title":"Rapid Communication: Key changes to treatment of multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02927-20","article-title":"Mycobactericidal effect of different regimens measured by molecular bacterial load assay among people treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Tanzania","volume":"59","author":"Mbelele","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601558","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01558-2016","article-title":"Time to sputum culture conversion and treatment outcome of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study from urban China","volume":"49","author":"Lu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B12","first-page":"1024","article-title":"Liquid vs. solid culture for tuberculosis: Performance and cost in a resource-constrained setting","volume":"14","author":"Chihota","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B13","article-title":"Handbook on tuberculosis laboratory diagnostic methods in the European Union \u2013 Updated 2018","author":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stockholm"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B14","first-page":"11","article-title":"Sensititre MYCOTB MIC plate for testing mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptibility to first-And second-Line drugs","volume":"58","author":"Heysell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-432","article-title":"Application of quantitative second-line drug susceptibility testing at a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis hospital in Tanzania","volume":"13","author":"Mpagama","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B16","volume-title":"Technical Report on critical concentrations for drug susceptibility testing of medicines used in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2019.01.019","article-title":"Standards for MIC testing that apply to the majority of bacterial pathogens should also be enforced for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex","volume":"25","author":"Sch\u00f6n","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01550-17","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01550-17","article-title":"What is resistance? Impact of phenotypic versus molecular drug resistance testing on therapy for multi-and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"62","author":"Heyckendorf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00344-18","article-title":"Validating a 14-drug microtiter plate containing bedaquiline and delamanid for large-scale research susceptibility testing of mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"62","author":"Rancoita","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01209-13","article-title":"Sensititre MYCOTB MIC plate for testing mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptibility to first-And second-Line drugs","volume":"58","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28815","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0028815","article-title":"Comparison of quantitative techniques including Xpert MTB\/RIF to evaluate mycobacterial burden","volume":"6","author":"van Zyl-Smit","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B22","volume-title":"Technical manual for drug susceptibility testing of medicines used in the treatment of tuberculosis","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2931-6","article-title":"Improved performance of Xpert MTB\/RIF assay on sputum sediment samples obtained from presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis cases at Kibong\u2019oto infectious diseases hospital in Tanzania","volume":"17","author":"Mbelele","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_135_18","article-title":"Meta-narrative review of molecular methods for diagnosis and monitoring of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in adults","volume":"7","author":"Mbelele","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mycobacteriology"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B25","first-page":"1","article-title":"Whole genome sequencing for the analysis of drug resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis: A systematic review for bedaquiline and delamanid","volume":"9","author":"Ramirez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-017-0029-0","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of multi- and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"50","author":"Coll","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-020-6577-1","article-title":"Whole genome sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates and clinical outcomes of patients treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Tanzania","volume":"21","author":"Katale","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-57992-x","article-title":"Epidemiological cut-offs for Sensititre susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: interpretive criteria cross validated with whole genome sequencing","volume":"10","author":"Ismail","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01824-17","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01824-17","article-title":"Validation of cycloserine efficacy in treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Beijing, China","volume":"62","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S308","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy624","article-title":"D-Cycloserine Pharmacokinetics\/Pharmacodynamics, Susceptibility, and Dosing Implications in Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis: A Faustian Deal","volume":"67","author":"Deshpande","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2996","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.6.2996-2997.2005","article-title":"Extraction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA: a Question of Containment","volume":"43","author":"Somerville","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2578","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.29.11.2578-2586.1991","article-title":"Occurrence and stability of insertion sequences in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains: Evaluation of an insertion sequence-dependent DNA polymorphism as a tool in the epidemiology of tuberculosis","volume":"29","author":"Van Soolingen","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0128036","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0128036","article-title":"Inexpensive multiplexed library preparation for megabase-sized genomes","volume":"10","author":"Baym","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B34","first-page":"1","article-title":"MTBseq: A comprehensive pipeline for whole genome sequence analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates","volume":"2018","author":"Kohl","year":"2018","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-019-1891-0","article-title":"Improved metagenomic analysis with Kraken 2","volume":"20","author":"Wood","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5812","article-title":"A robust SNP barcode for typing Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains","volume":"5","author":"Coll","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39855","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039855","article-title":"High resolution discrimination of clinical mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains based on single nucleotide polymorphisms","volume":"7","author":"Homolka","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3195","article-title":"Evolutionary history and global spread of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing lineage","volume":"47","author":"Merker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab359","article-title":"Design of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment regimens based on DNA sequencing","volume":"73","author":"Grobbel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-27962-5","article-title":"Linking minimum inhibitory concentrations to whole genome sequence-predicted drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from Romania","volume":"8","author":"Ruesen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1177\/0049475519833554","article-title":"Successful treatment of XDR-TB patient in Tanzania: report of the first XDR-TB patient","volume":"49","author":"Lyakurwa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trop Doct"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e62034","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0062034","article-title":"Diagnosis and Interim Treatment Outcomes from the First Cohort of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Tanzania","volume":"8","author":"Mpagama","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2018.02.004","article-title":"Genotypic drug resistance using whole-genome sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from North-western Tanzania","volume":"109","author":"Kidenya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(16)30433-7","article-title":"Outcomes, infectiousness, and transmission dynamics of patients with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis and home-discharged patients with programmatically incurable tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study","volume":"5","author":"Dheda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0896","article-title":"Comparison of TaqMan W Array Card and MYCOTB TM with conventional phenotypic susceptibility testing in MDR-TB","volume":"20","author":"Foongladda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02221","article-title":"Evaluation of Whole-Genome Sequence Method to Diagnose Resistance of 13 Anti-tuberculosis Drugs and Characterize Resistance Genes in Clinical Multi-Drug Resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates From China","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2019.04.004","article-title":"Comparisons of whole-genome sequencing and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis causing MDR-TB and XDR-TB in Thailand","volume":"54","author":"Faksri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.11.096644","article-title":"Challenging a dogma: antimicrobial susceptibility testing breakpoints for Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"90","author":"\u00c4ngeby","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B49","volume-title":"Technical Report on critical concentrations for drug susceptibility testing of isoniazid and the rifamycins (rifampicin, rifabutin and rifapentine)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-019-2658-z","article-title":"Genomic prediction of tuberculosis drug-resistance: Benchmarking existing databases and prediction algorithms","volume":"20","author":"Ngo","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.03.041","article-title":"Evaluation of whole genome sequencing and software tools for drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"25","author":"van Beek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S141","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ610","article-title":"Collaborative Effort for a Centralized Worldwide Tuberculosis Relational Sequencing Data Platform","volume":"61","author":"Starks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1800474","article-title":"Prediction of Susceptibility to First-Line Tuberculosis Drugs by DNA Sequencing","volume":"379","author":"The CRyPTIC Consortium and the 100 000 Genomes Project abstract","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e74","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(20)30007-0","article-title":"Prevalence and drivers of false-positive rifampicin-resistant Xpert MTB\/RIF results: a prospective observational study in Rwanda","volume":"1","author":"Ngabonziza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"2022042102114962700_dlac042-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01696-17","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01696-17","article-title":"False-positive xpert MTB\/RIF results in retested patients with previous tuberculosis: Frequency, profile, and prospective clinical outcomes","volume":"56","author":"Theron","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"}],"container-title":["JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jacamr\/article-pdf\/4\/2\/dlac042\/43403790\/dlac042.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jacamr\/article-pdf\/4\/2\/dlac042\/43403790\/dlac042.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T22:13:41Z","timestamp":1650492821000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jacamr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jacamr\/dlac042\/6571574"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jacamr\/dlac042","relation":{},"ISSN":["2632-1823"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2632-1823","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]]},"article-number":"dlac042"}}