{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:03:05Z","timestamp":1753876985080,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>New dosing regimens for ceftriaxone 4\u2005g\/24\u2005hours and ceftazidime 3\u2005g\/12\u2005hours are convenient for patients receiving OPAT. To date, these have not been clinically validated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To assess the tolerability, toxicity and effectiveness of once daily ceftriaxone (4\u2005g) and 12 hourly ceftazidime regimens (3\u2005g twice a day) in the OPAT setting.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>From April 2018 until March 2023; demographic, clinical, microbiological and outcome data were collected on all adult patients discharged to a community-based OPAT team in East London.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There were 487 OPAT episodes. Fifty-three (10.9%) patients received ceftriaxone 4\u2005g once a day and 20 (4.1%) ceftazidime 3\u2005g twice a day. In the ceftriaxone group, the commonest conditions treated were orthopaedic, neurosurgical or diabetic foot infections. OPAT was used to expedite the discharge of 45 (84.9%) patients, the remainder were admission avoidance episodes. The commonest isolate causing infection was MSSA 23 (43.4%). There were no tolerability or toxicity episodes recorded. All patients were cured and bed days saved were 1266.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In the smaller twice-daily ceftazidime cohort, seven (35%) patients were treated for necrotizing otitis externa, six (30%) for bronchiectasis and six (30%) for urinary tract infections. The commonest cause of infection was P. aeruginosa, 18 (90%). One case of nephrotoxicity was recorded. All patients were cured and bed days saved were 896.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Regimens of ceftriaxone 4\u2005g once a day and ceftazidime 3\u2005g twice a day were well tolerated and highly effective. If widely adopted, these regimens will save OPAT and nursing time and enable more patients to be treated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlae079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T20:37:44Z","timestamp":1717101464000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical outcomes in OPAT patients treated with ceftriaxone 4\u2005g and ceftazidime 6\u2005g extended interval dosing regimens"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4331-5224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Wareham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior Clinical Lecturer in Microbiology, Queen Mary University London , Mile End Rd., London E1 4NS , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Melzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant in Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Whipps Cross University Hospitals , Whipps Cross Rd., London E11 1NR , UK"},{"name":"Honorary Senior Lecturer in Microbiology, Queen Mary University London, Mile End Rd., London E1 4NS, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.13-5-495","article-title":"Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) and the general physician","volume":"13","author":"Barr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Med"},{"key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2009.06.008","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibacterial agents","volume":"23","author":"Levison","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2762","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkad300","article-title":"Defining standard and high dosages for beta-lactam agents administered by intermittent, prolonged or continuous infusion: a PK\/PD simulation study","volume":"78","author":"Goutelle","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B4"},{"key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp343","article-title":"Clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness of outpatient antimicrobial therapy (OPAT): a UK perspective","volume":"64","author":"Chapman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chem"},{"key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07925-y","article-title":"Haematological and hepatic adverse effects of ceftriaxone in ambulatory care: a dual-centre retrospective observational analysis of standard vs high dose","volume":"22","author":"Mistry","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"author":"The European Committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing","key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B7"},{"key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3125","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz343","article-title":"Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy: updated recommendations for the UK","volume":"74","author":"Chapman","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Antimicrobial Chemother"},{"key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/s41429-023-00687-y","article-title":"Cephalosporin resistance, tolerance and approaches to improve their activities","volume":"77","author":"Araten","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Antibiot"},{"key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkad382","article-title":"Prosthetic joint infection: 6 weeks of oral antibiotics results in a low failure rate","volume":"79","author":"Roger","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10020165","article-title":"The minimum inhibitory concentration of antibiotics: methods, interpretation, clinical relevance","volume":"10","author":"Kowalska-Krochmal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-022-04455-y","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of outcomes of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) for necrotizing otitis externa","volume":"41","author":"Darojaiye","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.5152\/iao.2023.22637","article-title":"Management and clinical outcome of 37 patients with necrotizing otitis externa: retrospective review of a standardized 6-week treatment pathway","volume":"19","author":"Dhariwal","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Int Adv Otol"},{"key":"2024062806355857000_dlae079-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3287","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-012-1694-7","article-title":"Antibiotic therapy in necrotizing otitis externa: case series of 32 and review of literature","volume":"31","author":"Pulcini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jacamr\/article-pdf\/6\/3\/dlae079\/58245630\/dlae079.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jacamr\/article-pdf\/6\/3\/dlae079\/58245630\/dlae079.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T06:36:15Z","timestamp":1719556575000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jacamr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jacamr\/dlae079\/7685345"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jacamr\/dlae079","relation":{},"ISSN":["2632-1823"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2632-1823"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]]},"article-number":"dlae079"}}