{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:45:53Z","timestamp":1792269953159,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamases (NDM) confer extensive antibiotic resistance, complicating treatment and leading to poor outcomes. In 2022, two patients at a US academic medical centre in Southeast Michigan were infected with NDM-producing Enterobacter hormaechei.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study describes two NDM-producing E. hormaechei isolates, recovered in 2022 from hospitalized patients at a large academic medical centre in Southeast Michigan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Identification of E. hormaechei and antibiotic susceptibility patterns were determined using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and Vitek2\u00ae (bioM\u00e9rieux), respectively, in our clinical microbiology laboratory. Carbapenemase gene detection was performed using Cepheid GeneXpert\u00ae (Sunnyvale). Sequencing libraries were created using QIAseq FX DNA Library Kit (Qiagen Sciences Inc.) and sequencing was performed on Illumina NextSeq 2000, respectively. EPISEQ\u00ae CS v1.2.0 and 1928 platforms were used for sequencing analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two extensively drug-resistant E. hormaechei isolates were recovered from non-urine, non-respiratory sources. Both harboured 25 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), including 13 unique ARGs. Resistance was observed to aminoglycosides [e.g. ant(3\u2019)-Ia, aadA2], beta-lactams (blaACT-17, blaACT-73), broad-spectrum beta-lactams (blaNDM-5), sulphonamides (sul1, sul2), fosfomycin (fosA), glycopeptides (ble) and chlorhexidine (qacE). Isolate 1 carried more ARGs than Isolate 2. Sequence types (ST) for Isolates 1 and 2 were ST93 and ST177, respectively, with \u223c88% SNP similarity, indicating non-clonality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings highlight the clinical significance and genetic diversity of NDM-producing E. hormaechei. Enhanced surveillance, antibiotic stewardship and infection control measures are essential to mitigate the spread of these extensively drug-resistant pathogens.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlaf202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T12:11:49Z","timestamp":1760703109000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Whole-genome analysis of extensively drug-resistant\n                    <i>Enterobacter hormaechei<\/i>\n                    isolated from two hospitalized patients in the United States: A case series of a rare but rising threat"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9787-358X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christen J","family":"Arena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit, MI ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University , Detroit, MI ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geehan","family":"Suleyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit, MI ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6801-8130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jagjeet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit, MI ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5967-5211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael P","family":"Veve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit, MI ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and 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