{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:59:26Z","timestamp":1793383166452,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":192,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":36,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The fungus Aspergillus fumigatus has evolved as an important cause of opportunistic fungal diseases in humans worldwide. It is the most frequent filamentous fungus colonizing the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis and can affect immunocompetent as well as immunocompromised individuals. Aspergillus disease is commonly treated with azoles, which inhibit lanosterol 14\u03b1-demethylase, a key component of the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, essential for membrane integrity and fluidity. Lanosterol 14\u03b1-demethylase is encoded by the CYP51A gene. Azole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates often show amino acid substitutions in Cyp51A. Most prevalent mutations have a tandem repeat (TR) in the promoter and point mutations in the gene (e.g. TR34\/L98H and TR46\/Y121F\/T289A). In addition to TRs, isolates with single point mutations developed and are widespread around the world (e.g. M220I, G54R). To date, azole-resistant isolates have been found on every continent except Antarctica. This review will summarize the epidemiology and prevalence of Azole-resistant A. fumigatus worldwide including the history of different mutations found and highlights important gaps as data are missing in several parts of the world.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlaf219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T12:28:09Z","timestamp":1762777689000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Global epidemiology of azole resistance in\n                    <i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Anneke","family":"Fengler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg , Oldenburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Bader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen , G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9599-3137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Cornely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Research, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), University Hospital Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Kurzai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology , University of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"National Reference Center for Invasive Fungal Infections NRZMyk, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology\u2014Hans-Knoell-Institute , Jena ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3253-6080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacques F","family":"Meis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Research, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), University Hospital Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboudumc and Centre for Expertise in Mycology, Radboudumc\/CWZ , Nijmegen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florent","family":"Morio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de mycologie m\u00e9dicale, Nantes Universit\u00e9, CHU Nantes, Cibles et M\u00e9dicaments des Infections et de L'Immunit\u00e9, IICiMed, UR 1155 , Nantes 44000 ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Hamprecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg , Oldenburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003743","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003743","article-title":"Aspergillus fumigatus\u2014what makes the species a ubiquitous human fungal pathogen?","volume":"9","author":"Kwon-Chung","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e428","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(23)00692-8","article-title":"Global incidence and mortality of severe fungal disease","volume":"24","author":"Denning","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2018.11.012","article-title":"Prevalence and diversity of filamentous fungi in the airways of cystic fibrosis patients\u2014A Dutch, multicentre study","volume":"18","author":"Engel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cyst Fibros"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000106","article-title":"Aspergillus and cystic fibrosis","volume":"20","author":"Felton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-017-0162-4","article-title":"Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus in patients with cystic fibrosis: a matter of concern?","volume":"183","author":"Hamprecht","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1080\/13693780802609604","article-title":"Occurrence and relevance of filamentous fungi in respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis\u2014a review","volume":"47","author":"Pihet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.12.2.310","article-title":"Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillosis","volume":"12","author":"Latg\u00e9","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2014-206291","article-title":"The clinical spectrum of pulmonary aspergillosis","volume":"70","author":"Kosmidis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20150460","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2015.0460","article-title":"Clinical implications of globally emerging azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"371","author":"Meis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2400061","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00061-2024","article-title":"Revised ISHAM-ABPA working group clinical practice guidelines for diagnosing, classifying and treating allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis\/mycoses","volume":"63","author":"Agarwal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00140-18","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00140-18","article-title":"Aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillosis in 2019","volume":"33","author":"Latg\u00e9","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0092022","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00920-22","article-title":"Active surveillance program to increase awareness on invasive fungal diseases: the French RESSIF network (2012 to 2018)","volume":"13","author":"Bretagne","year":"2022","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e149","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30847-1","article-title":"Defining and managing COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis: the 2020 ECMM\/ISHAM consensus criteria for research and clinical guidance","volume":"21","author":"Koehler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.01.002","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of Aspergillus diseases: executive summary of the 2017 ESCMID-ECMM-ERS guideline","volume":"24 Suppl 1","author":"Ullmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw444","article-title":"Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of aspergillosis: 2016 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"63","author":"Patterson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ885","article-title":"Azole resistance in aspergillus fumigatus: can we retain the clinical use of mold-active antifungal azoles?","volume":"62","author":"Verweij","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13254","article-title":"COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis: a prospective single-center dual case series","volume":"64","author":"Meijer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6020079","article-title":"Azole-resistant COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis in an immunocompetent host: a case report","volume":"6","author":"Meijer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Fungi"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12770","article-title":"Post-influenzal triazole-resistant aspergillosis following allogeneic stem cell transplantation","volume":"61","author":"Talento","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00583-2015","article-title":"Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis: rationale and clinical guidelines for diagnosis and management","volume":"47","author":"Denning","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2015.08.001","article-title":"International expert opinion on the management of infection caused by azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"21\u201322","author":"Verweij","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Resist Updat"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e251","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30138-4","article-title":"In-host adaptation and acquired triazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: a dilemma for clinical management","volume":"16","author":"Verweij","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70265-8","article-title":"Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: a side-effect of environmental fungicide use?","volume":"9","author":"Verweij","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5792","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0801995105","article-title":"Differences in spontaneous mutation frequencies as a function of environmental stress in soil fungi at \u2018\u201dEvolution Canyon,\u201d\u2018 Israel","volume":"105","author":"Lamb","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S436","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix210","article-title":"Azole-resistant aspergillosis: epidemiology, molecular mechanisms, and treatment","volume":"216","author":"Chowdhary","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2674","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00335-12","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates harboring the TR34\/L98H azole resistance mechanism","volume":"50","author":"Camps","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt075","article-title":"The cdr1B efflux transporter is associated with non-cyp51a-mediated itraconazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"68","author":"Fraczek","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2410.180730","article-title":"Non-cyp51A azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolates with mutation in HMG-CoA reductase","volume":"24","author":"Hagiwara","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00437-19","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00437-19","article-title":"Mutations in hmg1, challenging the paradigm of clinical triazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"10","author":"Rybak","year":"2019","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e50034","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050034","article-title":"Discovery of a hapE mutation that causes azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus through whole genome sequencing and sexual crossing","volume":"7","author":"Camps","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.2.518-524.2005","article-title":"Cholesterol import by Aspergillus fumigatus and its influence on antifungal potency of sterol biosynthesis inhibitors","volume":"49","author":"Xiong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000200","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000200","article-title":"A sterol-regulatory element binding protein is required for cell polarity, hypoxia adaptation, azole drug resistance, and virulence in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"4","author":"Willger","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10654","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-54568-5","article-title":"Elevated mutation rates in multi-azole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus drive rapid evolution of antifungal resistance","volume":"15","author":"Bottery","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101114","article-title":"Triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in the Netherlands between 1994 and 2022: a genomic and phenotypic study","volume":"6","author":"Song","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2400559","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.18.2400559","article-title":"Doubling of triazole resistance rates in invasive aspergillosis over a 10-year period, Belgium, 1 April 2022 to 31 March 2023","volume":"30","author":"Cuypers","year":"2025","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2015.04.012","article-title":"First determination of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus strains carrying the TR34\/L98H mutations in Turkey","volume":"21","author":"\u00d6zmerdiven","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4569","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00233-15","article-title":"Nationwide surveillance of azole resistance in Aspergillus diseases","volume":"59","author":"Vermeulen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2016.12.013","article-title":"Fungicides induced triazole-resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus associated with mutations of TR46\/Y121F\/T289A and its appearance in agricultural fields","volume":"326","author":"Ren","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9200","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2025.9200","article-title":"Impact of the use of azole fungicides, other than as human medicines, on the development of azole-resistant Aspergillus spp","volume":"23","author":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)","year":"2025","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1012851","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012851","article-title":"Moving beyond multi-triazole to multi-fungicide resistance: broader selection of drug resistance in the human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"21","author":"Kanellopoulos","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"myaf110","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myaf110","article-title":"Multi-fungicide resistance in both clinical and environmental isolates of the human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus","author":"Hartuis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003633","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003633","article-title":"Emergence of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus strains due to agricultural azole use creates an increasing threat to human health","volume":"9","author":"Chowdhary","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2507.181625","article-title":"Environmental hotspots for azole resistance selection of Aspergillus fumigatus, the Netherlands","volume":"25","author":"Schoustra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02213-20","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02213-20","article-title":"Effects of agricultural fungicide use on Aspergillus fumigatus abundance, antifungal susceptibility, and population structure","volume":"11","author":"Barber","year":"2020","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05077-11","article-title":"High prevalence of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in adults with cystic fibrosis exposed to itraconazole","volume":"56","author":"Burgel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw664","article-title":"Home environment as a source of life-threatening azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in immunocompromised patients","volume":"64","author":"Lavergne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050219","article-title":"Emergence of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus and spread of a single resistance mechanism","volume":"5","author":"Snelders","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1710.110226","article-title":"Clinical implications of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus, the Netherlands, 2007\u20132009","volume":"17","author":"van der Linden","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"myaf012","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myaf012","article-title":"Genomic investigation of an antifungal-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus outbreak in a French hospital","volume":"63","author":"Joste","year":"2025","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2024.100907","article-title":"Pan-azole resistance in clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates carrying TR34\/L98H from birds and mammals in Belgium","volume":"19","author":"Debergh","year":"2024","journal-title":"One Health"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2504.181110","article-title":"Aerosol transmission of Aspergillus fumigatus in cystic fibrosis patients in the Netherlands","volume":"25","author":"Engel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku410","article-title":"Concomitant occurrence of itraconazole-resistant and -susceptible strains of Aspergillus fumigatus in routine cultures","volume":"70","author":"Ahmad","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10853.x","article-title":"Predicting the emergence of resistance to antifungal drugs","volume":"204","author":"Cowen","year":"2001","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0026324","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00263-24","article-title":"Variability in competitive fitness among environmental and clinical azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolates","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31801","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031801","article-title":"Triazole fungicides can induce cross-resistance to medical triazoles in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"7","author":"Snelders","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbr.2020.10.003","article-title":"The one health problem of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: current insights and future research agenda","volume":"34","author":"Verweij","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fungal Biol Rev"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00392-19","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00392-19","article-title":"Nonrandom distribution of azole resistance across the global population of Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"10","author":"Sewell","year":"2019","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e72280","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072280","article-title":"Composite survival index to compare virulence changes in azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus clinical isolates","volume":"8","author":"Mavridou","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1009711","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009711","article-title":"Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in the environment: identifying key reservoirs and hotspots of antifungal resistance","volume":"17","author":"Burks","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00791-17","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00791-17","article-title":"A novel environmental azole resistance mutation in Aspergillus fumigatus and a possible role of sexual reproduction in its emergence","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00095-16","article-title":"Molecular tools for the detection and deduction of azole antifungal drug resistance phenotypes in Aspergillus species","volume":"30","author":"Dudakova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1507.090043","article-title":"Frequency and evolution of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus associated with treatment failure","volume":"15","author":"Howard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01092-06","article-title":"A new Aspergillus fumigatus resistance mechanism conferring in vitro cross-resistance to azole antifungals involves a combination of cyp51A alterations","volume":"51","author":"Mellado","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13241","article-title":"Azole resistance in Aspergillus isolates by different types of patients and correlation with environment\u2014an Italian prospective multicentre study (ARiA study)","volume":"64","author":"Prigitano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-014-9775-z","article-title":"Antifungal susceptibility profile of cryptic species of aspergillus","volume":"178","author":"Alastruey-Izquierdo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00942-07","article-title":"Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification","volume":"52","author":"Alcazar-Fuoli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5996","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.12.5996-5999.2005","article-title":"Mistaken identity: neosartorya pseudofischeri and its anamorph masquerading as Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"43","author":"Balajee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.005942-0","article-title":"Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Aspergillus lentulus and Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in a patient with probable invasive aspergillosis","volume":"58","author":"Montenegro","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01556-09","article-title":"Neosartorya udagawae (Aspergillus udagawae), an emerging agent of Aspergillosis: how different is it from Aspergillus fumigatus?","volume":"48","author":"Sugui","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1508.090251","article-title":"Chronic invasive aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus viridinutans","volume":"15","author":"Vinh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"fnv236","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fnv236","article-title":"Aspergillus oerlinghausenensis, a new mould species closely related to A. fumigatus","volume":"363","author":"Houbraken","year":"2016","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.6.1364","article-title":"Itraconazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"41","author":"Denning","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/47.3.333","article-title":"Acquired itraconazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"47","author":"Dannaoui","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/44.4.553","article-title":"In-vitro susceptibility of Aspergillus spp. isolates to amphotericin B and itraconazole","volume":"44","author":"Dannaoui","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2648","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.7.2648-2650.2002","article-title":"Nationwide survey of in vitro activities of itraconazole and voriconazole against clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates cultured between 1945 and 1998","volume":"40","author":"Verweij","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.3109\/00365549709011864","article-title":"In vitro susceptibility of respiratory isolates of Aspergillus species to itraconazole and amphotericin B. acquired resistance to itraconazole","volume":"29","author":"Chryssanthou","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02234-15","article-title":"Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus clinical isolates from an Italian culture collection","volume":"60","author":"Lazzarini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4870","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00514-12","article-title":"Correlation between triazole treatment history and susceptibility in clinically isolated Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"56","author":"Tashiro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz534","article-title":"Prevalence and mechanisms of azole resistance in clinical isolates of Aspergillus section Fumigati species in a Canadian tertiary care centre, 2000 to 2013","volume":"75","author":"Parent-Michaud","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3633","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01582-14","article-title":"Cryptic and rare Aspergillus species in Brazil: prevalence in clinical samples and in vitro susceptibility to triazoles","volume":"52","author":"Negri","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh507","article-title":"Mutations in the cyp51A gene and susceptibility to itraconazole in Aspergillus fumigatus serially isolated from a patient with lung aspergilloma","volume":"55","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.2.512-517.2005","article-title":"Antifungal susceptibilities of clinical isolates of Candida species, cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus species from Taiwan: surveillance of multicenter antimicrobial resistance in Taiwan program data from 2003","volume":"49","author":"Hsueh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S307","DOI":"10.1080\/13693780500090826","article-title":"Azole and fungicide resistance in clinical and environmental Aspergillus fumigatus isolates","volume":"43","author":"Meneau","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3025","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01491-10","article-title":"Polyphasic identification and susceptibility to seven antifungals of 102 Aspergillus isolates recovered from immunocompromised hosts in Greece","volume":"55","author":"Arabatzis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12324","article-title":"Multi-triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus infections in Australia","volume":"58","author":"Kidd","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz121","article-title":"Azole resistance and cyp51A mutation screening in Aspergillus fumigatus in Mexico","volume":"74","author":"Gonzalez-Lara","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7040292","article-title":"Triazole-resistance in environmental Aspergillus fumigatus in Latin American and African countries","volume":"7","author":"Resendiz-Sharpe","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Fungi"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02478-15","article-title":"First detection of TR34 L98H and TR46 Y121F T289A Cyp51 mutations in Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in the United States","volume":"54","author":"Wiederhold","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13139","article-title":"High prevalence of triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus sensu stricto in an Argentinean cohort of patients with cystic fibrosis","volume":"63","author":"Brito Devoto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00872-18","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00872-18","article-title":"First clinical isolation of an azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolate harboring a TR46 Y121F T289A mutation in South America","volume":"62","author":"Isla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2016.05.005","article-title":"First itraconazole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus clinical isolate harbouring a G54E substitution in Cyp51Ap in South America","volume":"34","author":"Leonardelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02059-19","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02059-19","article-title":"Aspergillus fumigatus clinical isolates carrying CYP51A with TR34\/L98H\/S297T\/F495I substitutions detected after four-year retrospective azole resistance screening in Brazil","volume":"64","author":"Pontes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B93","author":"Denardi"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2024.04.003","article-title":"Azole resistance in a clinical isolate of Aspergillus fumigatus from Chile","volume":"41","author":"\u00c1lvarez Duarte","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45631","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45631","article-title":"Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus harboring TR 34 \/L98H, TR 46 \/Y121F\/T289A and TR 53 mutations related to flower fields in Colombia","volume":"7","author":"Alvarez-Moreno","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1080\/00275514.2018.1557796","article-title":"Fungicide-driven alterations in azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus are related to vegetable crops in Colombia, South America","volume":"111","author":"Alvarez-Moreno","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mycologia"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2201.150978","article-title":"Multiple fungicide-driven alterations in azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, Colombia, 2015","volume":"22","author":"Le Pape","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myz032","article-title":"Azole resistance among clinical isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus in Lima-Peru","volume":"58","author":"Bustamante","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.5943\/cream\/15\/1\/7","article-title":"TR34\/L98H mutation in Aspergillus fumigatus isolate: first report in Azerbaijan","volume":"15","author":"Huseynov","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Fungal Biol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4465","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00185-11","article-title":"Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from the ARTEMIS global surveillance study is primarily due to the TR\/L98H mutation in the cyp51A gene","volume":"55","author":"Lockhart","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7148","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00887-15","article-title":"Emergence of TR46\/Y121F\/T289A in an Aspergillus fumigatus isolate from a Chinese patient","volume":"59","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-009-9249-x","article-title":"Clinical itraconazole-resistant strains of Aspergillus fumigatus, isolated serially from a lung aspergilloma patient with pulmonary tuberculosis, can be detected with real-time PCR method","volume":"169","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e52871","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052871","article-title":"Clonal expansion and emergence of environmental multiple-triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus strains carrying the TR34\/L98H mutations in the cyp51A gene in India","volume":"7","author":"Chowdhary","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt397","article-title":"Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus with the environmental TR46\/Y121F\/T289A mutation in India","volume":"69","author":"Chowdhary","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00428","article-title":"Prevalence and mechanism of triazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus in a referral chest hospital in Delhi, India and an update of the situation in Asia","volume":"6","author":"Chowdhary","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12089","article-title":"Environmental study of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus with TR34\/L98H mutations in the cyp51A gene in Iran","volume":"56","author":"Badali","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1905.130075","article-title":"Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, Iran","volume":"19","author":"Seyedmousavi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13064","article-title":"First azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolates with the environmental TR46\/Y121F\/T289A mutation in Iran","volume":"63","author":"Ahangarkani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13535","article-title":"Five-year surveillance study of clinical and environmental triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in Iran","volume":"66","author":"Khojasteh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2016.12.004","article-title":"First clinical isolation report of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus with TR34\/L98H-type mutation in Japan","volume":"23","author":"Toyotome","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2016.01.015","article-title":"Multi-azole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus harboring Cyp51A TR46\/Y121F\/T289A isolated in Japan","volume":"22","author":"Hagiwara","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-018-0271-8","article-title":"TR34\/L98H mutation in CYP51A gene in Aspergillus fumigatus clinical isolates during posaconazole prophylaxis: first case in Korea","volume":"183","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2014.05.009","article-title":"Occurrence of triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus with TR34\/L98H mutations in outdoor and hospital environment in Kuwait","volume":"133","author":"Ahmad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9080784","article-title":"First report of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus with TR46\/Y121F\/T289A mutations in Kuwait and an update on their occurrence in the Middle East","volume":"9","author":"Asadzadeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Fungi"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.53350\/pjmhs22167634","article-title":"Epidemiology and susceptibility profile of Aspergillus species: an experience from tertiary care hospital","volume":"16","author":"Munir","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pak J Med Health Sci"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12354","article-title":"Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolates carrying TR34\/L98H mutations in Taiwan","volume":"58","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myw090","article-title":"Prevalence of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in the environment of Thailand","volume":"55","author":"Tangwattanachuleeporn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4641","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.16154","article-title":"High prevalence and genetic diversity of a single ancestral origin azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in indoor environments at Walailak University, Southern Thailand","volume":"24","author":"Daloh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7632","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15660","article-title":"Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus is highly prevalent in the environment of Vietnam, with marked variability by land use type","volume":"23","author":"Duong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-018-1170-0","article-title":"A nationwide passive surveillance on fungal infections shows a low burden of azole resistance in molds and yeasts in Tyrol, Austria","volume":"46","author":"Lass-Fl\u00f6rl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2106.140717","article-title":"Prospective multicenter international surveillance of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"21","author":"van der Linden","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20326","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.17.48.20326-en","article-title":"Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus due to TR46\/ Y121F\/T289A mutation emerging in Belgium, July 2012","volume":"17","author":"Vermeulen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B123","volume-title":"Azole Resistance in Aspergillus Fumigatus: Genetic Background and Mechanisms of Spread in the Czech Republic","author":"Hol\u00edkov\u00e1","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00213-11","article-title":"Aspergillus species and other molds in respiratory samples from patients with cystic fibrosis: a laboratory-based study with focus on Aspergillus fumigatus azole resistance","volume":"49","author":"Mortensen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5096","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02855-14","article-title":"First detection of TR46\/Y121F\/T289A and TR34\/L98H alterations in Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from azole-naive patients in Denmark despite negative findings in the environment","volume":"58","author":"Astvad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks160","article-title":"High prevalence of triazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus, especially mediated by TR\/L98H, in a French cohort of patients with cystic fibrosis","volume":"67","author":"Morio","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1884","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz144","article-title":"One year prospective survey of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus at a French cystic fibrosis reference centre: prevalence and mechanisms of resistance","volume":"74","author":"Lavergne","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4331","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00127-15","article-title":"First description of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus due to TR46\/Y121F\/T289A mutation in France","volume":"59","author":"Lavergne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20262","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.17.36.20262-en","article-title":"Azole-resistant invasive aspergillosis in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia in Germany","volume":"17","author":"Hamprecht","year":"2012","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6060","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01017-12","article-title":"First reported case of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus due to the TR\/L98H mutation in Germany","volume":"56","author":"Rath","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku009","article-title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of azole resistance in Aspergillus spp. isolates from German cystic fibrosis patients","volume":"69","author":"Fischer","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku566","article-title":"Emergence of azole-resistant invasive aspergillosis in HSCT recipients in Germany","volume":"70","author":"Steinmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3181","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa316","article-title":"Nationwide surveillance of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus environmental isolates in Greece: detection of pan-azole resistance associated with the TR46\/Y121F\/T289A cyp51A mutation","volume":"75","author":"Siopi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix257","article-title":"Intercountry transfer of triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus on plant bulbs","volume":"65","author":"Dunne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mmcr.2020.06.005","article-title":"Multi-triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection: a lethal combination","volume":"31","author":"Mohamed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Mycol Case Rep"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc061720","article-title":"Multiple-triazole-resistant aspergillosis","volume":"356","author":"Verweij","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2501.171925","article-title":"Trends in azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus, The Netherlands, 1994\u20132016","volume":"25","author":"Buil","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit320","article-title":"Aspergillosis due to voriconazole highly resistant Aspergillus fumigatus and recovery of genetically related resistant isolates from domiciles","volume":"57","author":"Van Der Linden","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B139","volume-title":"Pathogenic Fungi in Norway-Screening for Azole-Resistant Aspergillus Fumigatus in Norwegian Barns","author":"Magnus","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.2015_1143","article-title":"Examination of cyp51A and cyp51B expression level of the first Polish azole resistant clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolate","volume":"62","author":"Brillowska-D\u0105browska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Pol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01656","article-title":"Aspergillus species and antifungals susceptibility in clinical setting in the north of Portugal: cryptic species and emerging azoles resistance in A. fumigatus","volume":"9","author":"Pinto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2015.01.005","article-title":"Triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus harbouring G54 mutation: is it de novo or environmentally acquired?","volume":"3","author":"Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116624","article-title":"The first case of Aspergillus fumigatus with high-level resistance to voriconazole due to the TR46\/Y121F\/T289A mutation in the Russian Federation","volume":"111","author":"Klyasova","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2012.09.002","article-title":"Breakthrough pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus infection with multiple triazole resistance in a Spanish patient with chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"30","author":"Mellado","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2015.04.005","article-title":"First detection of Aspergillus fumigatus azole-resistant strain due to Cyp51A TR46\/Y121F\/T289A in an azole-naive patient in Spain","volume":"6","author":"Pelaez","year":"2015","journal-title":"New Microbes New Infect"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01358-10","article-title":"Aspergillus fumigatus strains with mutations in the cyp51A gene do not always show phenotypic resistance to itraconazole, voriconazole, or posaconazole","volume":"55","author":"Escribano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02088-17","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02088-17","article-title":"Azole resistance of environmental and clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from Switzerland","volume":"62","author":"Riat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"myad110","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myad110","article-title":"Occurrence of Aspergillus fumigatus azole resistance in soils from Switzerland","volume":"61","author":"Sch\u00fcrch","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2017.01.004","article-title":"First isolation of the pan-azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus cyp51A TR46\/Y121F\/T289A mutant in a UK patient","volume":"49","author":"Moore","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2006.08.017","article-title":"Multi-azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"28","author":"Howard","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13732","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13732","article-title":"First detection of triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus harbouring the TR34\/L98H Cyp51A mutation in Burkina Faso","volume":"67","author":"Yerbanga","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2250","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18052250","article-title":"First investigative study of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in the environment in Burkina Faso","volume":"18","author":"Yerbanga","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.19044\/esj.2017.v13n36p301","article-title":"Diversity of azoles resistant Aspergillus species isolated from experience and na\u00efve soils in Nairobi county and Naivasha sub-county Kenya","volume":"13","author":"Kemoi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Sci J"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7147938","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7147938","article-title":"Triazole-resistant aspergillus fumigatus from fungicide-experienced soils in Naivasha subcounty and Nairobi county, Kenya","volume":"2018","author":"Kemoi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed7100274","article-title":"Molecular characterization and antifungal susceptibility of Aspergillus spp. among patients with underlying lung diseases","volume":"7","author":"Moglad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trop Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01831-23","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01831-23","article-title":"Fungi involved in rhinosinusitis in arid regions: insights from molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku259","article-title":"Multi-azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in the environment in Tanzania","volume":"69","author":"Chowdhary","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1796-4","article-title":"Aspergillus fumigatus carrying TR34\/L98H resistance allele causing complicated suppurative otitis media in Tanzania: call for improved diagnosis of fungi in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"16","author":"Mushi","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70104","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.70104","article-title":"Appearance of environment-linked azole resistance in the Aspergillus fumigatus complex in New Zealand","volume":"68","author":"Morris","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B160","first-page":"41","article-title":"The emergence of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus complex in New Zealand","volume":"134","author":"McKinney","year":"2021","journal-title":"NZ Med J"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2503.180297","article-title":"In vivo selection of a unique tandem repeat mediated azole resistance mechanism (TR120) in Aspergillus fumigatus cyp51A, Denmark","volume":"25","author":"Hare","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02061-21","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.02061-21","article-title":"Citizen science surveillance of triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in United Kingdom residential garden soils","volume":"88","author":"Shelton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1584\/jpestics.D20-017","article-title":"Isolation of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus from imported plant bulbs in Japan and the effect of fungicide treatment","volume":"45","author":"Hagiwara","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pestic Sci"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.07.006","article-title":"Genetic analysis of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from domestic and imported tulip bulbs in Japan","volume":"44","author":"Uehara","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq279","article-title":"Azole antifungal resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: 2008 and 2009","volume":"65","author":"Bueid","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0193732","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193732","article-title":"Twelve-month clinical outcomes of 206 patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis","volume":"13","author":"Bongomin","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw259","article-title":"Azole resistance surveillance in Aspergillus fumigatus: beneficial or biased?","volume":"71","author":"Verweij","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13719","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13719","article-title":"Distribution of Aspergillus species and prevalence of azole resistance in clinical and environmental samples from a Spanish hospital during a three-year study period","volume":"67","author":"Lucio","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1139\/cjm-2024-0083","article-title":"What in earth? Analyses of Canadian soil populations of Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"71","author":"Korfanty","year":"2024","journal-title":"Can J Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01803-21","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01803-21","article-title":"Genomic diversity of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in the United States","volume":"12","author":"Etienne","year":"2021","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680884","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.680884","article-title":"A 20-year antifungal susceptibility surveillance (from 1999 to 2019) for Aspergillus spp. and proposed epidemiological cutoff values for Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus: a study in a tertiary hospital in China","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6020067","article-title":"High-frequency direct detection of triazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus from patients with chronic pulmonary fungal diseases in India","volume":"6","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Fungi"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2020.11.027","article-title":"Transition of triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in a Japanese tertiary hospital and subsequent genetic analysis","volume":"27","author":"Takazono","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02023-18","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02023-18","article-title":"Epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility profile of Aspergillus species: comparison between environmental and clinical isolates from patients with hematologic malignancies","volume":"57","author":"Cho","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13593","article-title":"Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of clinical Aspergillus isolates: a multicentre study in Taiwan, 2016\u20132020","volume":"66","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"myae055","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myae055","article-title":"Detection of pan-azole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in horticulture and a composting facility in Belgium","volume":"62","author":"Debergh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3008.240096","article-title":"Environmental hot spots and resistance-associated application practices for azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, Denmark, 2020\u20132023","volume":"30","author":"Arendrup","year":"2024","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2021.106447","article-title":"Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from respiratory specimens in Lyon University Hospitals, France: prevalence and mechanisms involved","volume":"58","author":"Simon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky147","article-title":"Prevalence and characterization of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in patients with cystic fibrosis: a prospective multicentre study in Germany","volume":"73","author":"Seufert","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-024-00850-5","article-title":"Azole resistance in veterinary clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in The Netherlands","volume":"189","author":"van Dijk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myx012","article-title":"Detection of Polish clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates resistant to triazoles","volume":"56","author":"Nawrot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9010057","article-title":"Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus harboring the TR34\/l98H mutation: first report in Portugal in environmental samples","volume":"9","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkac125","article-title":"Frequency of azole resistance in clinical and environmental strains of Aspergillus fumigatus in Turkey: a multicentre study","volume":"77","author":"Ener","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadh8839","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adh8839","article-title":"Citizen science reveals landscape-scale exposures to multiazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus bioaerosols","volume":"9","author":"Shelton","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B185","first-page":"5832","article-title":"Azole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus with TR34\/L98H mutation from clinical isolates in Kenya","volume":"100","author":"Kemoi","year":"2023","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky187","article-title":"Surveillance for azole resistance in clinical and environmental isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus in Australia and cyp51A homology modelling of azole-resistant isolates","volume":"73","author":"Talbot","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1080\/13693780600902243","article-title":"New resistance mechanisms to azole drugs in Aspergillus fumigatus and emergence of antifungal drugs-resistant A. fumigatus atypical strains","volume":"44","author":"Mellado","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70099","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.70099","article-title":"Epidemiology of triazole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"68","author":"Swain","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02240-17","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02240-17","article-title":"Detection of TR 34 \/L98H CYP51A mutation through passive surveillance for azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in the United States from 2015 to 2017","volume":"62","author":"Berkow","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2009.140142","article-title":"Passive surveillance for azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, United States, 2011\u20132013","volume":"20","author":"Pham","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx168","article-title":"Isolation of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus from the environment in the south-eastern USA","volume":"72","author":"Hurst","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026021207180749900_dlaf219-B192","first-page":"71","article-title":"Pesticides in the Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania (SAGCOT): A Scoping Study of Current and Future Use, Associated Risks and Identification of Actions for Risk Mitigation","volume":"2760","author":"Lahr","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alterra-rapport - Wageningen University and Research Centre"}],"container-title":["JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jacamr\/article-pdf\/8\/1\/dlaf219\/66863502\/dlaf219.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jacamr\/article-pdf\/8\/1\/dlaf219\/66863502\/dlaf219.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T12:18:14Z","timestamp":1770898694000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jacamr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jacamr\/dlaf219\/8475191"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"references-count":192,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jacamr\/dlaf219","relation":{},"ISSN":["2632-1823"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2632-1823","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"article-number":"dlaf219"}}