{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T15:24:59Z","timestamp":1783783499386,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Virology and Bacteriology","award":["LX22NPO5103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LX22NPO5103"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031478","name":"Next Generation EU","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increasing resistance to broad-spectrum beta-lactams and carbapenems is a significant concern in healthcare settings. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal carriage of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) in a tertiary care hospital and to evaluate the utility of long-read sequencing for carbapenem resistance surveillance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2021, stool samples (n\u200a=\u200a538) and rectal swabs (n\u200a=\u200a256) from hospitalized patients were cultured after enrichment on selective chromogenic medium to detect ESBL and CRE carriage. CRE isolates were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 794 patient samples, 239 (30%) Enterobacterales isolates grew on ESBL media. On CRE agar, 28 Enterobacterales were cultured, 27 confirmed carbapenem-resistant and identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae (n\u200a=\u200a25), Escherichia coli (n\u200a=\u200a1), and Enterobacter cloacae (n\u200a=\u200a1). In CRE, 29.6% (8\/27) were carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE), carrying the blaOXA-48 (n\u200a=\u200a7) or blaNDM-1 (n\u200a=\u200a1) genes. The remaining 70.4% (19\/27) were non-carbapenemase-producing CRE isolates (non-CP-CRE). The blaOXA-48 gene was localized on identical IncL plasmids with an inverted Tn1999.2 transposon in non-clonally related isolates. CPE isolates exhibited distinct resistance patterns to carbapenems, \u03b2-lactam\/\u03b2-lactamase inhibitor combinations, with 87.5% resistant to cefiderocol. All non-CP-CRE isolates remained susceptible to imipenem; two were resistant to meropenem and carried either five or six copies of the blaCTX-M-15 gene along with mutations in porin genes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 30% prevalence of intestinal carriage of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales and a 3.4% carriage prevalence of CRE were found. Long-read sequencing revealed IncL plasmid-mediated dissemination of OXA-48 \u03b2-lactamase and blaCTX-M-15 gene amplification, demonstrating its added value for antimicrobial resistance monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlaf254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T13:05:06Z","timestamp":1765976706000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["IncL plasmid-mediated dissemination of OXA-48 \u03b2-lactamase and\n                    <i>bla<\/i>\n                    CTX-M-15 gene amplification identified\n                    <i>via<\/i>\n                    long-read sequencing in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Suhanya","family":"Prasad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital , V Uvalu 84, Praha 5, 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