{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:28:58Z","timestamp":1792794538176,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of California\u2013Davis Aquatic Animal Health Fellowship","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00pjdza24","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"California Academy of Sciences Steinhart Aquarium","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02wb73912","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our objective was to describe clinical findings, treatment protocols, and outcomes in captive fish presenting with ocular and\/or buoyancy disorders attributed to dissolved gas disease undergoing novel treatment with hyperbaric therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Electronic medical records were reviewed for 15 teleost fish comprising 10 species housed at a public aquarium and treated between 2015 and 2025 with hyperbaric chamber therapy for exophthalmos (n = 8), intraocular gas (n = 5), buphthalmos (n = 5), and\/or positive buoyancy (n = 7). The collected data included diagnostics, adjunctive therapies, hyperbaric chamber course and parameters, response to treatment, recurrence, and postmortem findings when available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Initial clinical improvement in response to hyperbaric therapy was documented in 10 (67%) of the 15 fish, with long-term resolution (1 month: n = 1; 5 months: n = 1; &amp;gt;18 months: n = 5) of clinical signs observed in 7 (47%) of the 15 fish. Three fish (21%) died during chamber treatment. Necropsy and histopathology identified infectious comorbidities in multiple nonresponders (n = 6).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hyperbaric chamber therapy was associated with meaningful short-term (instantaneous to &amp;lt;12\u2005h) clinical improvement in many fish, particularly those with ocular presentations. Recurrence and mortality were common, most often in cases with severe and\/or comorbid disease. Hyperbaric therapy may be a viable modality for the treatment of dissolved gas disorders and warrants further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jahafs\/vsag013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T14:50:45Z","timestamp":1789570245000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Under pressure: Use of hyperbaric chamber therapy for management of dissolved gas disorders in fish\u201415 cases (2015\u20132025)"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Brian J","family":"Anton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2013Davis , Davis, California ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Steinhart Aquarium, California Academy of Sciences , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew L","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesus","family":"Diaz Bujan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel A","family":"Allbaugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Goodall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steinhart Aquarium, California Academy of Sciences , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lana","family":"Krol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steinhart Aquarium, California Academy of Sciences , San Francisco, California 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