{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T22:27:51Z","timestamp":1780352871102,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]],"date-time":"2020-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fentanyl is commonly given as an analgesic during labor and delivery. The extent of transplacental drug transfer and fetal exposure is not well studied. We analyzed the relationship between neonatal urine fentanyl results and various peripartum factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 96 neonates with urine toxicology screening between January 2017 and September 2018 were included in the study. Medical record review was used to obtain maternal, neonatal, and anesthesia parameters. A subset of 9 specimens were further tested for levels of fentanyl and norfentanyl by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 29% (n\u2009=\u200924) of cases associated with fentanyl-containing labor analgesia, neonatal toxicology screens were positive for the presence of fentanyl. Positive test results strongly correlated with the cumulative dose and duration of labor analgesia (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). The odds of positive neonatal fentanyl screen results increased 4-fold for every 5\u2009hours of maternal exposure to labor analgesia. Importantly, however, neonatal outcomes for infants with positive and negative urine fentanyl screens were the same.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our study establishes that maternal fentanyl analgesia is strongly associated with positive neonatal urine fentanyl screens and suggests that more judicious use of these laboratory tests may be warranted.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jalm\/jfaa027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T12:09:10Z","timestamp":1580472550000},"page":"686-694","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Rates of Fentanyl Positivity in Neonatal Urine Following Maternal Analgesia During Labor and Delivery"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Natasha","family":"Novikov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacy E F","family":"Melanson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime R","family":"Ransohoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athena K","family":"Petrides","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020063015035702700_jfaa027-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03178274","article-title":"Transdermal fentanyl: pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"5","author":"Nelson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"key":"2020063015035702700_jfaa027-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6802a3","article-title":"Overdose deaths involving fentanyl and fentanyl analogs - New York City, 2000-2017","volume":"68","author":"Colon-Berezin","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2020063015035702700_jfaa027-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6634a3","article-title":"Overdose deaths related to fentanyl and Its analogs - Ohio, January-February 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