{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T18:30:09Z","timestamp":1787596209999,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antiextractable nuclear antigens (anti-ENAs) are regarded as diagnostic tests with no established value for serial monitoring. We therefore sought to establish the stability over time of anti-ENAs in a large diagnostic immunopathology laboratory.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective review of all patients who had a serial anti-ENA ordered at the Westmead Hospital (Sydney, Australia) was performed over 24\u2009months. Anti-ENA characterization was performed using line immunoassay, and historical data were available from 2013 onward. The earliest available densitometry readings were compared with the latest available to examine for a change in quantitation or qualitative (serostatus) result (from negative to positive, and vice versa). Medical records were examined for clinical correlations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 283 patients (24.1%) had serial testing of anti-ENA in the audit period, with each patient having an average of 3.9\u2009\u00b1\u20092.9 tests each. Most patients were diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus or primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. About 25% and 58% of patients had a qualitative and quantitative change, respectively, in at least 1 anti-ENA in the study period. Changes in anti-ENA levels correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate and disease activity. Increasing duration between serial tests increased the probability of observing a change in anti-ENA levels.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Certain anti-ENAs are dynamic autoantibodies that may have significance for monitoring disease activity. Laboratories may consider reporting quantitative results. Further disease- and autoantibody-specific studies are required to determine the clinical significance of changes in anti-ENAs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jalm\/jfab104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T19:11:34Z","timestamp":1629313894000},"page":"26-35","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Longitudinal Tracking of Extractable Nuclear Antigen (ENA) Antibodies in a Quaternary Hospital Laboratory Cohort Reveals Dynamic Antibody Profiles"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5179-4803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian Y S","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunopathology, ICPMR and NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Sydney Medical School, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunopathology, ICPMR and NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Sydney Medical School, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Allergy and Immunology Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunopathology, ICPMR and NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Wei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunopathology, ICPMR and NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Sydney Medical School, Westmead 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