{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T19:33:50Z","timestamp":1778873630274,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Saliva has garnered great interest as an alternative specimen type for molecular detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Data are limited on the relative performance of different molecular methods using saliva specimens and the relative sensitivity of saliva to nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To address the gap in knowledge, we enrolled symptomatic healthcare personnel (n\u2009=\u2009250) from Barnes-Jewish Hospital\/Washington University Medical Center and patients presenting to the Emergency Department with clinical symptoms compatible with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; n\u2009=\u2009292). We collected paired saliva specimens and NP swabs. The Lyra SARS-CoV-2 assay (Quidel) was evaluated on paired saliva and NP samples. Subsequently we compared the Simplexa COVID-19 Direct Kit (Diasorin) and a modified SalivaDirect (Yale) assay on a subset of positive and negative saliva specimens.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The positive percent agreement (PPA) between saliva and NP samples using the Lyra SARS-CoV-2 assay was 63.2%. Saliva samples had higher SARS-CoV-2\u2009cycle threshold values compared to NP swabs (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001). We found a 76.47% (26\/34) PPA for Simplexa COVID-19 Direct Kit on saliva and a 67.6% (23\/34) PPA for SalivaDirect compared to NP swab results.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These data demonstrate molecular assays have variability in performance for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jalm\/jfab115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T14:46:29Z","timestamp":1631025989000},"page":"727-736","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Multiplatform Assessment of Saliva for SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Detection in Symptomatic Healthcare Personnel and Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Robert F","family":"Potter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric M","family":"Ransom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meghan A","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caitlin","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennie H","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hilary M","family":"Babcock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles S","family":"Eby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil W","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bijal A","family":"Parikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carey-Ann D","family":"Burnham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B1","first-page":"1843","article-title":"Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens","volume":"323","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2020.11.062","article-title":"A closer look into global hospital beds capacity and resource shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"260","author":"Sen-Crowe","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034511413283","article-title":"Salivary detection of H1N1 virus: a clinical feasibility investigation","volume":"90","author":"Bilder","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2015.12.006","article-title":"Evaluation of saliva as diagnostic materials for influenza virus infection by PCR-based assays","volume":"453","author":"Sueki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B5","article-title":"Salivary diagnostics of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)","author":"Michailidou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101920","article-title":"Saliva as a possible tool for the SARS-CoV-2 detection: A review","volume":"38","author":"Medeiros da Silva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aucc.2020.10.006","article-title":"Protection procedures and preventions against the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 in healthcare settings for nursing personnel: lessons from Taiwan","volume":"34","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aust Crit Care"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.21399","article-title":"Hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection: lessons for public health","volume":"324","author":"Richterman","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B9","first-page":"263","article-title":"SalivaDirect: A simplified and flexible platform to enhance SARS-CoV-2 testing capacity","volume":"2","author":"Vogels","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med (N Y)"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104416","article-title":"Rapid and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using the Simplexa COVID-19 direct assay","volume":"128","author":"Bordi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2016359","article-title":"Saliva or nasopharyngeal swab specimens for detection of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"383","author":"Wyllie","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00995","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00995-20","article-title":"Clinical performance of SARS-CoV-2 molecular tests","volume":"58","author":"Green","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.04.005","article-title":"Saliva is a reliable tool to detect SARS-CoV-2","volume":"81","author":"Azzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.05.071","article-title":"Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 detection in nasopharyngeal swab and saliva","volume":"81","author":"Iwasaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e559","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1388","article-title":"Mass screening of asymptomatic persons for SARS-CoV-2 using saliva","volume":"73","author":"Yokota","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.3390\/v12101184","article-title":"Frequency and duration of SARS-CoV-2 shedding in oral fluid samples assessed by a modified commercial rapid molecular assay","volume":"12","author":"Bordi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B17","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022050518545495700_jfab115-B18","article-title":"Pooled saliva specimens for SARS-CoV-2 testing","volume":"5","author":"Barat","year":"2020","journal-title":"medRxiv. Posted October"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jalm\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jalm\/jfab115\/40533218\/jfab115.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jalm\/article-pdf\/7\/3\/727\/43541672\/jfab115.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jalm\/article-pdf\/7\/3\/727\/43541672\/jfab115.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T19:51:39Z","timestamp":1651780299000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jalm\/article\/7\/3\/727\/6365944"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jalm\/jfab115","relation":{},"ISSN":["2576-9456","2475-7241"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2576-9456","type":"print"},{"value":"2475-7241","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]]}}}