{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:50:49Z","timestamp":1792511449913,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fifteen myositis-specific antibodies have been described and characterized over the past 40 years. Approximately two thirds of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myositis have a myositis-specific antibody and only rarely more than one. Assays to detect them are now widely available within clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Content<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We describe the original description and clinical phenotype of the myositis-specific antibodies, forming the antisynthetase syndrome group, anti-MDA-5 and rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease, anti-SRP\/HMGCR and necrotizing myositis, anti-TIF-1\u03b3\/NXP-2 and malignancy, anti-SAE and esophageal disease, and anti-Mi-2 and classic dermatomyositis skin disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Clinical practice is likely to be refined, with diagnosis and classification of the idiopathic inflammatory myositides based primarily on myositis-specific antibody, rather than directed by muscle histology or the broader clinical characteristics of polymyositis and dermatomyositis. All patients newly presenting with idiopathic inflammatory myositis should be routinely screened for myositis-specific antibodies. A positive result will usefully provide diagnostic and prognostic information, guide selection of therapy, and prompt surveillance for potential organ involvement and other features, such as cancer, throughout the disease course.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jalm\/jfac038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T19:10:35Z","timestamp":1652123435000},"page":"1189-1201","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Utility of Myositis Specific Antibodies in Clinical Practice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Biddle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, St George\u2019s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew D","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, St George\u2019s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6170-7323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah E","family":"Linstead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Protein Reference Unit, South West London Pathology, St George\u2019s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8091-2717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick D W","family":"Kiely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, St George\u2019s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK"},{"name":"Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St George's University of London , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022090112594496600_jfac038-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1402225","article-title":"Inflammatory muscle diseases","volume":"372","author":"Dalakas","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"2022090112594496600_jfac038-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12451","article-title":"Myositis-specific autoantibodies: an important tool to support diagnosis of myositis","volume":"280","author":"Betteridge","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Int Med"},{"key":"2022090112594496600_jfac038-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2019.04.001","article-title":"Frequency, mutual exclusivity and clinical associations of myositis autoantibodies in a combined European cohort of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy 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myositis-specific and myositis-associated autoantibodies","volume":"12","author":"Targoff","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2022090112594496600_jfac038-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2068\u201376","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005638","article-title":"Muscular and extramuscular clinical features of patients with anti-PM\/Scl autoantibodies","volume":"90","author":"De Lorenzo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2022090112594496600_jfac038-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-013-0359-6","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease in inflammatory myopathies: clinical phenotypes and prognosis","volume":"15","author":"Kiely","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"key":"2022090112594496600_jfac038-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780230802","article-title":"Heterogeneity of precipitating antibodies in polymyositis and dermatomyositis: 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