{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T15:36:00Z","timestamp":1792683360886,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Procalcitonin (PCT), a peptide precursor of the hormone calcitonin, is a biomarker whose serum concentrations are elevated in response to systemic inflammation caused by bacterial infection and sepsis. Clinical adoption of PCT in the United States has only recently gained traction with an increasing number of Food and Drug Administration\u2013approved assays and expanded indications for use. There is interest in the use of PCT as an outcomes predictor as well as an antibiotic stewardship tool. However, PCT has limitations in specificity, and conclusions surrounding its utility have been mixed. Further, there is a lack of consensus regarding appropriate timing of measurements and interpretation of results. There is also a lack of method harmonization for PCT assays, and questions remain regarding whether the same clinical decision points may be used across different methods.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Content<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This guidance document aims to address key questions related to the use of PCT to manage adult, pediatric, and neonatal patients with suspected sepsis and\/or bacterial infections, particularly respiratory infections. The document explores the evidence for PCT utility for antimicrobial therapy decisions and outcomes prediction. Additionally, the document discusses analytical and preanalytical considerations for PCT analysis and confounding factors that may affect the interpretation of PCT results.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>While PCT has been studied widely in various clinical settings, there is considerable variability in study designs and study populations. Evidence to support the use of PCT to guide antibiotic cessation is compelling in the critically ill and in some lower respiratory tract infections but is lacking in other clinical scenarios, and evidence is also limited in the pediatric and neonatal populations. Interpretation of PCT results requires guidance from multidisciplinary care teams of clinicians, pharmacists, and clinical laboratorians.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jalm\/jfad007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T13:10:31Z","timestamp":1683205831000},"page":"598-634","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["AACC Guidance Document on the Clinical Use of Procalcitonin"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0461-8137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allison B","family":"Chambliss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California , Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khushbu","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia, PA , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica M","family":"Col\u00f3n-Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, OH , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Hayden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratories, Norton Healthcare , Louisville, KY , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie E","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, TN , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emi","family":"Minejima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy , Los Angeles, CA , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Woodworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center , Lexington, KY , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023050412294692500_jfad007-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5578","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0854","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo calcitonin I gene expression in parenchymal cells: a novel product of human adipose tissue","volume":"144","author":"Linscheid","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2023050412294692500_jfad007-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2009.00433.x","article-title":"Procalcitonin in sepsis and systemic inflammation: a harmful biomarker and a 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