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Herein, we investigated the role of S. mutans F-ATPase in acid tolerance using a bacterium expressing the F-ATPase \u03b2 subunit at lower levels than the wild-type strain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We generated a mutant S. mutans expressing the catalytic \u03b2 subunit of F-ATPase at lower levels than the wild-type bacterium. The mutant cells exhibited a significantly slower growth rate at pH 5.30, whereas the rate was essentially the same as that of wild-type cells at pH 7.40. In addition, the colony-forming ability of the mutant was decreased at pH\u00a0&amp;lt;4.30 but not at pH 7.40. Thus, the growth rate and survival of S. mutans expressing low levels of the \u03b2 subunit were reduced under acidic conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Together with our previous observations, this study indicates that F-ATPase is involved in the acid tolerance mechanism of S. mutans by secreting protons from the cytoplasm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jambio\/lxad073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T02:16:05Z","timestamp":1681438565000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["F-type proton-pumping ATPase mediates acid tolerance in<i>Streptococcus mutans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Mizuki","family":"Sekiya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University , Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694 , 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