{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T13:33:21Z","timestamp":1781530401871,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]],"date-time":"2025-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006296","name":"CAS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XDA26040202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA26040202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006296","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017366","name":"Key Research and Development Program of Heilongjiang","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SC2023ZXC010140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SC2023ZXC010140"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Major Science and Technology Special Project","award":["YDZJ202203CGZH046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YDZJ202203CGZH046"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Urea ammoniation is one of the more effective ways for straw feed utilization. Current research on urea ammoniation has focused on chemical reactions in the process of ammoniating straw, neglecting the microbial-driven process.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aims to examine the effects of 2% and 4% urea on bacteria and fungi and their metabolites and fermentation quality of corn stover and rice straw under 40% and 60% moisture conditions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Urea ammoniation at 4% increased the total nitrogen content of corn stover and rice straw, and reduced the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin of rice straw. Lactic acid and acetic acid are produced during the urea ammonification process, and 2% urea treatment has the best promoting effect on it. Urea ammoniation at 2% also modified the composition of the Lactobacillales and increased the relative abundance of Enterococcus of corn stover and rice straw under 60% water, leading to changes in the main driving microbiota. Moreover, urea ammoniation can promote the metabolism of bacteria and fungi in degrading lignin, producing various lignin degradation products, such as vanillin, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, protocatechuic acid, sinapyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzoic acid, etc.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Urea ammoniation is not only a chemical process, but also a microbial-driven process that involves changes in microbial composition and associated metabolism.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jambio\/lxaf045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,23]],"date-time":"2025-02-23T04:15:01Z","timestamp":1740284101000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Urea treatment causes significant changes in microbial composition and associated metabolism of corn stover and rice straw"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Yongsong","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Harbin 150081 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming , Changchun 130102 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengnan","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Harbin 150081 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunmeng","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Harbin 150081 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3738-575X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Harbin 150081 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangzheng","family":"Mou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Harbin 150081 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daowei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming , Changchun 130102 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4373-8235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haixia","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Harbin 150081 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030817534183500_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5726","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-15334","article-title":"Symposium review: technologies for improving fiber utilization","volume":"102","author":"Adesogan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"2025030817534183500_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3226","DOI":"10.1002\/btpr.3226","article-title":"Lignin degradation by microorganisms: a review","volume":"38","author":"Atiwesh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biotechnol Progr"},{"key":"2025030817534183500_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1039\/c1np00042j","article-title":"Pathways for degradation of lignin in bacteria and fungi","volume":"28","author":"Bugg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Prod Rep"},{"key":"2025030817534183500_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.01.150","article-title":"to burn or retain crop residues on croplands? 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