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Biofilm formation was quantified via the Tissue Culture Plate method. Whole genome sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) and bioinformatic analysis were performed to identify biofilm-associated genes, antimicrobial resistance genes and sequence types. Statistical associations were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman\u2019s, and Fisher\u2019s tests. 85.22% of isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), and 100% exhibited biofilm formation, with 52.17% strong, 39.57% moderate, and 8.26% weak biofilm producers. Genes including ompA, bfmR, pgaA, pgaB, and pgaD were universally present. No significant association was observed between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance (P\u00a0=\u00a00.55), specimen type (P\u00a0=\u00a00.54), or the presence of specific biofilm-related genes (P\u00a0&amp;gt;\u00a00.05). 21 sequence types (STs) were identified, with ST2 being the most prevalent (51.73%). Strong biofilm formation was more common in ST164, ST1, and ST575.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrates a high prevalence of MDR and strong biofilm-forming A. baumannii isolates in India. Biofilm formation appeared independent of resistance or gene carriage but showed lineage-linked variation across sequence types.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jambio\/lxag007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T12:39:25Z","timestamp":1767875965000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lineage-linked biofilm formation and widespread multidrug resistance among Indian\n                    <i>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/i>\n                    clinical isolates"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Vaishnavi","family":"Margoli\u00a0Subbaraya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratory, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences , Bengaluru-560070 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