{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:06:06Z","timestamp":1792785966295,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"CAPES","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CNPq and FAPERJ"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias e Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal Fluminense","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02rjhbb08","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biologia Molecular e Celular da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04tec8z30","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Na+, K+ATPase (NKA) has been proposed as an essential element for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, especially during the first 3 infection hours. This evidence is underscored by the antiviral activity of NKA classical inhibitors, commonly known as cardiac glycosides. In this study, we evaluated whether the anti-HSV-1 activity of extracts from Myrciaria floribunda leaves and nanomusified extracts would be related to blocking of ion pumping via NKA inhibition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cells VERO infected with strain HSV-1 or HSV-1 acyclovir (ACV)-resistant or not infected were treated or untreated with different concentrations of extracts to evaluate cell viability, HSV replication, viral particle inactivation, synergistic effect, changes regarding NKA activity in a pig kidney medulla preparation and Na+, K + ionic concentrations. We showed that all nanomusified extracts (crude, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, butanolic, and hexanic) exhibited significant antiviral activity with low cytotoxicity. Furthermore, all extracellular nanomaterials reduced the viral titer, mainly by decreasing the attachment step, and enhanced antiviral activity when combined. Also exhibited antiviral activity against HSV-1 ACV-resistant (PAAR\u20195 strain). In addition, we demonstrated that crude and ethyl acetate extracts reduced NKA activity in a pig kidney medulla preparation. Alterations in Na+ or K+ concentrations in the presence of these extracts affected viral replication. Interestingly, an increase in K+ concentration favors viral replication, while increase in Na+ concentration impairs it.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We postulate that anti-HSV-1 activity of extracts (crude and ethyl acetate) from M. floribunda leaves and nanomusified may be correlated with K+ influx due to NKA inhibition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jambio\/lxag171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T13:24:07Z","timestamp":1783689847000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anti-HSV-1 activity and Na+, K+-ATPase modulation from extracts and nanoemulsions of\n                    <i>Myrciaria floribunda<\/i>\n                    leaves"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Kau\u00ea F C","family":"Souza\u00a0e\u00a0Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias e Biotecnologia, Programa em Neurologia e Neuroci\u00eancias e Programa de Biotecnologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense , Niter\u00f3i, RJ, CEP 24020-141 ,","place":["Brasil"]},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Enzimologia e Sinaliza\u00e7\u00e3o Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense , Niter\u00f3i, RJ, CEP 24020-141 ,","place":["Brasil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis A C","family":"Tietbohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Tecnologia de Produtos Naturais, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal Fluminense , 24241-002, Niter\u00f3i, RJ ,","place":["Brasil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco P","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Tecnologia de Produtos Naturais, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal Fluminense , 24241-002, Niter\u00f3i, RJ ,","place":["Brasil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leandro","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Tecnologia de Produtos Naturais, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal Fluminense , 24241-002, Niter\u00f3i, RJ ,","place":["Brasil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cassiano Felippe","family":"Gon\u00e7alves\u00a0de\u00a0Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro , RJ, CEP 21040-900 ,","place":["Brasil"]},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunofarmacologia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20211-010 ,","place":["Brasil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C","family":"Bloom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine , Gainesville, FL 32605 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Izabel C N P","family":"Paix\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Enzimologia e Sinaliza\u00e7\u00e3o Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense , Niter\u00f3i, RJ, CEP 24020-141 ,","place":["Brasil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Burth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias e Biotecnologia, Programa em Neurologia e Neuroci\u00eancias e Programa de Biotecnologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense , Niter\u00f3i, RJ, CEP 24020-141 ,","place":["Brasil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e667p","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.667","article-title":"Antiviral activity of triptolide on herpes simplex virus in vitro","volume":"10","author":"Aliabadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immun Inflamm Dis"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L1094","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00173.2018","article-title":"Cardiac glycosides decrease influenza virus replication by inhibiting cell protein translational machinery","volume":"316","author":"Amarelle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbr.2016.11.020","article-title":"Anti-influenza treatment: drugs currently used and under development","volume":"53","author":"Amarelle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Bronconeumol"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2154","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19082154","article-title":"The antiviral effects of Na,K-ATPase inhibition: a minireview","volume":"19","author":"Amarelle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C491","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00359.2015","article-title":"Na+, K+ ATPase, a new class of plasma membrane receptors","volume":"310","author":"Aperia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00693","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00693-16","article-title":"Antagonism of the sodium-potassium ATPase impairs chikungunya virus infection","volume":"7","author":"Ashbrook","year":"2016","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2017.1402311","article-title":"Lupane triterpenoids, antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of Myrciaria floribunda (H. West ex Willd.) O. Berg","volume":"33","author":"Azevedo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Prod Res"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2011.06.015","article-title":"Antiherpes activity of glucoevatromonoside, a cardenolide isolated from a Brazilian cultivar of digitalis lanata","volume":"92","author":"Bertol","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2016.01.013","article-title":"HSV antivirals\u2014current and future treatment options","volume":"18","author":"Birkmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Virol"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.2741\/1705","article-title":"The NA\/K-ATPase and its isozymes: what we have learned using the baculovirus expression system","volume":"10","author":"Blanco","year":"2005","journal-title":"Front Biosci A J Virtual Libr"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-021-02985-1","article-title":"Septic shock complicated by disseminated herpes simplex virus-1 infection: a case report","volume-title":"J Med Case Rep","author":"Boquet","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding","volume":"7","author":"Bradford","year":"1976","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(82)91620-8","article-title":"Isolation and characterisation of resistant Herpes simplex virus after acyclovir therapy","volume":"1","author":"Burns","year":"1982","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib14","first-page":"130p","article-title":"Uma contribui\u00e7\u00e3o ao estudo da fisiopatologia da leptospirose: propriedades, purifica\u00e7\u00e3o e identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de inibidores da Na+, K+ ATPase presentes em endotoxinas de Leptospira interrogans. Disserta\u00e7\u00e3o (Doutorado em Bioqu\u00edmica), Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas","author":"Burth","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/s0166-3542(02)00077-3","article-title":"Antiherpes simplex virus type 2 activity of casuarinin from the bark of Terminalia Arjuna Linn","volume":"55","author":"Cheng","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anti Res"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh136","article-title":"Putranjivain a from Euphorbia jolkini inhibits both virus entry and late stage replication of herpes simplex virus type 2 in vitro","volume":"53","author":"Cheng","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.58.3.10","article-title":"Theoretical basis, experimental design, and computerized simulation of synergism and antagonism in drug combination studies","volume":"58","author":"Chou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1667-1","article-title":"Glenohumeral and scapulothoracic strength impairments exists in patients with subacromial impingement, but these are not reflected in the shoulder pain and disability index","volume":"17","author":"Clausen","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(93)90999-x","article-title":"Arenbufagin, a compound in toad venom, blocks Na+ K+ pump current in cardiac myocytes","volume":"239","author":"Cruz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2007.05.001","article-title":"Inhibitors of the sodium potassium ATPase that impair herpes simplex virus replication identified via a chemical screening approach","volume":"366","author":"Dodson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Virol"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3143","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-023-01300-2","article-title":"Essential oil from leaves of Myrciaria floribunda (H. West ex Willd.) O. Berg has antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential","volume":"31","author":"Dos\u00a0Santos\u00a0de\u00a0Moraes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12020262","article-title":"Revision of herpes simplex virus type 1 transcription: first, repress; then, express","volume":"12","author":"Dunn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-695\u00d72012005000127","article-title":"HLB value, an important parameter for the development of essential oil phytopharmaceuticals","volume":"23","author":"Fernandes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Bras Farmacogn"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/s0166-3542(02)00054-2","article-title":"Evidence of dual sites of action of dendrimers: SPL-2999 inhibits both virus entry and late stages of herpes simplex virus replication","volume":"55","author":"Gong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anti Res"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-74-8-1519","article-title":"The effects of lithium and potassium on macromolecular synthesis in herpes simplex virus-infected cells","volume":"74","author":"Hartley","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0030325","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00303-25","article-title":"Human alpha-herpesvirus 1 (HSV-1) viral replication and reactivation from latency are expedited by the glucocorticoid receptor","volume":"4","author":"Jones","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297914130124","article-title":"REVIEW: human herpes simplex virus: life cycle and development of inhibitors","volume":"13","author":"Kukhanova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2004.08.024","article-title":"Effect of combined use of nonionic surfactant on formation of oil-in-water microemulsions","volume":"288","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-008-0470-0","article-title":"The Na\/K-ATPase\/Src complex and cardiotonic steroid-activated protein kinase cascades","volume":"457","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib30","first-page":"91","volume-title":"Desenvolvimento e caracteriza\u00e7\u00e3o de nanoemuls\u00f5es contend o oleo essencial de Eug\u00eania sulcata Spring ex Mart para o tratamento do herpes","author":"Lima","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2008.03969.x","article-title":"Modulation of the imunesystem by ouabain","volume-title":"Annal NY Acad Sci","author":"Marcarenhas-Rodrigues","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.3390\/v17030398","article-title":"Interspecies differences in cytomegalovirus inhibition by cardiac glycosides-a unique role of the alpha3 isoform of the Na+, K+ATPase pump","volume":"3","author":"Mei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1573(199902)13:1<37::AID-PTR382>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of Indonesian medicinal plants on the infection of herpes simplex virus type 1","volume":"1","author":"Nawawi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.2147\/JEP.S273120","article-title":"Antiviral effects of oleandrin","volume":"12","author":"Newman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Exp Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3337","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-75-12-3337","article-title":"Effects of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection on the plasma membrane and related functions of HeLa $3 cells","volume":"75","author":"Pal\u00f9","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib36","first-page":"375","article-title":"Neurotoxic side effects of acyclovir: two case reports","volume":"6","author":"Paluch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/S0367-326X(03)00123-0","article-title":"Antiviral activity of betulin, betulinic and betulonic acids against some enveloped and non-enveloped viruses","volume":"74","author":"Pavlova","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00615-10","article-title":"Resistance of herpes simplex viruses to nucleoside analogues: mechanisms, prevalence, and management","volume":"2","author":"Piret","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F388","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00439.2002","article-title":"Role of Na+, K+ ATPase in the assembly of tight junctions","volume":"3","author":"Rajasekaran","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/40.9.1674","article-title":"Understanding the sodium pump and its relevance to disease","volume":"9","author":"Rose","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.49.3.980-983.1984","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus binding and entry modulate cell surface protein mobility","volume":"49","author":"Rosenthal","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"001971","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001971","article-title":"Cardiac glycosides inhibit early and late vaccinia virus protein expression","volume":"3","author":"Samolej","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1078\/094471103322331467","article-title":"Virucidal effect of peppermint oil on the enveloped viruses herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro","volume":"10","author":"Schuhmacher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phytomed"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1007\/s10540-005-2740-9","article-title":"The identification of the sodium pump","volume":"4-5","author":"Skou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biosci Rep"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib45","article-title":"Myrtaceae in Lista de Esp\u00e9cies da Flora do Brasil","author":"Sobral","year":"(29  2015,   )"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cocis.2005.06.004","article-title":"Nano-emulsions","volume":"10","author":"Solans","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2003.10.026","article-title":"Nanoemulsions: a new vehicle for skincare products","volume":"108-109","author":"Soneville-Aubrun","year":"2004","journal-title":"Adv Colloid Interface Sci"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36835","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.4c05904","article-title":"Synthetic naphthoquinone inhibits herpes simplex virus type-1 replication targeting Na+, K+ ATPase","volume":"34","author":"Souza","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2813253","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2813253","article-title":"Alphavirus replication: the role of cardiac glycosides and ion concentration in host cells","volume":"9","author":"Souza-Souza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000554","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus encephalitis update","volume":"3","author":"Stahl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2008.01.156","article-title":"Anti-HSV activity of digitoxin and its possible mechanisms","volume":"1","author":"Su","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.3390\/v14030592","article-title":"Flavonoids target human herpesviruses that infect the nervous system: mechanisms of action and therapeutic insights","volume-title":"Viruses","author":"\u0160udomov\u00e1","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2340","DOI":"10.3390\/v15122340","article-title":"Flavonoids with anti-herpes simplex virus properties: deciphering their mechanisms in disrupting the viral life cycle","volume":"15","author":"\u0160udomov\u00e1","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/s1572-557x(05)02005-2","article-title":"Herbal extracts and compounds active against herpes simplex virus","volume":"2","author":"Thompson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv Phytomed"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib55","first-page":"158","volume-title":"Estudo qu\u00edmico e biol\u00f3gico da esp\u00e9cie vegetal Myrciaria floribunda","author":"Tietbohl","year":"2014"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib56","first-page":"104","volume-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da atividade antiproliferativa de extratos de Myrciaria floribunda e suas nanoformula\u00e7\u00f5es. Tese (Doutorado em Ci\u00eancias Aplicadas a Produtos para Sa\u00fade)","author":"Tietbohl","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2226","article-title":"Anti-herpes simplex virus activities of Eugenia caryophyllus (Spreng.) Bullock & S. G. Harrison and essential oil, eugenol","volume":"21","author":"Tragoolpua","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2015.06.040","article-title":"Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2)","volume":"25","author":"Visalli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem Lett"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.16157.1","article-title":"Clinical management of herpes simplex virus infections: past, present, and future","author":"Whitley","year":"2018","journal-title":"F1000 Res"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7718","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28237718","article-title":"Selected plant triterpenoids and their derivatives as antiviral agents","volume-title":"Molecules","author":"Wimmerov\u00e1","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib61","author":"World Heatlh Organization."},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2434","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1033.2002.02910.x","article-title":"Na+, K+ ATPase as a signal transducer","volume":"10","author":"Xie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"2026092506430764900_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2017.04.017","article-title":"Identification of anti-viral activity of the cardenolides, Na+\/K+-ATPase inhibitors, against porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus","volume":"332","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jambio\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jambio\/lxag171\/68754832\/lxag171.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jambio\/article-pdf\/137\/7\/lxag171\/68754832\/lxag171.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jambio\/article-pdf\/137\/7\/lxag171\/68754832\/lxag171.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T10:43:16Z","timestamp":1790332996000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jambio\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jambio\/lxag171\/8731945"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jambio\/lxag171","relation":{},"ISSN":["1365-2672"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1365-2672","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"article-number":"lxag171"}}