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Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is considered a potential threat to metal canisters in DGRs, yet the effect of bentonite compaction on corrosion processes remains poorly understood. This study evaluated microbial and abiotic contributions to carbon steel corrosion and corrosion localization in bentonite under repository-relevant conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Carbon steel corrosion was investigated in bentonite \u010cern\u00fd Vrch under slurry and compacted conditions (1200, 1400, and 1600\u00a0kg m\u207b\u00b3) during 3\u201311 months of anaerobic incubation. Corrosion was assessed by weight-loss measurements, X-ray diffraction, and microscopy, while microbial communities were analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and digital PCR. Sterile and low-biomass systems often exhibited higher corrosion rates than biotic treatments, indicating that abiotic processes predominated in bentonite systems. Bentonite prevented localized corrosion and promoted uniform surface alteration. Corrosion was most pronounced in compacted bentonite (1.6 g cm\u207b\u00b3), despite reduced microbial activity. Bentonite dry density was the primary driver of microbial community composition in compacted systems, suppressing many taxa associated with steel colonization in slurries, although sulfate-reducing\u00a0Desulfosporosinus remained abundant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Under the investigated conditions, bentonite compaction restricted microbial activity and suppressed many candidate MIC taxa but did not suppress abiotic corrosion. Corrosion rates were often lower in biotic than in sterile treatments, indicating that microbial activity may, under certain conditions, mitigate corrosion and should be considered alongside corrosion-promoting processes when evaluating repository-relevant bentonite systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jambio\/lxag215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:22:45Z","timestamp":1787754165000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bentonite compaction shapes microbial communities but abiotic processes dominate carbon steel corrosion in repository conditions"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"137","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3351-6372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate\u0159ina","family":"\u010cern\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Liberec, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Studentsk\u00e1 1402\/2 , 46117, Liberec ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saqlain Saqib","family":"Mukhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technick\u00e1 5, 166 28 , Prague ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Bure\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technick\u00e1 5, 166 28 , Prague ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakub","family":"\u0158\u00edha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Hlavackova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Liberec, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Studentsk\u00e1 1402\/2 , 46117, Liberec ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Stoulil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technick\u00e1 5, 166 28 , Prague ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091510313079400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00527","article-title":"Iron to gas: versatile multiport flow-column revealed extremely high corrosion potential by methanogen-induced microbiologically influenced corrosion (Mi-MIC)","volume-title":"Front. 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