{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:06:10Z","timestamp":1792785970931,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute for Nursing Research of the National Institutes of Health","award":["R01NR021711"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NR021711"]}]},{"name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health","award":["RC2TR004380"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC2TR004380"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04pw6fb54","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Advancement of Telehealth"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000102","name":"Health Resources and Services Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000016","name":"DHHS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6 U3GRH40003-01-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6 U3GRH40003-01-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Virtual nursing (VN) is an increasingly popular nursing care model being implemented nationally to help alleviate nursing burden and shortages which are particularly prevalent in emergency care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the impact on documentation-related and workflow outcomes among adult patients admitted through the emergency department (ED) who received either a traditional in-person admission assessment or a VN admission assessment. Outcomes included admission assessment duration, documentation completeness, and number of interruptions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was a non-randomized retrospective cohort study of adult patients over the age of 18 seen in the ED of 2 Southeastern hospitals and subsequently admitted for inpatient care. Retrospective data were extracted from the EHR and included patients seen in the ED and subsequently admitted from August 2022 through December 2023.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients who utilized VN for their admission had an overall longer admission assessment duration (on average 3.16 minutes longer). Virtual nursing admission assessments were associated with a statistically significant increase in the number of completed admission assessment tasks and a significant reduction in the number of admission interruptions compared to in-person encounters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Virtual nursing for admission assessments was associated with greater documentation completeness and fewer interruptions, with only a modest increase in assessment duration. These findings highlight the potential of VN to help mitigate the challenges associated with nursing shortages and interruptions in emergency care settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocag145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T11:14:46Z","timestamp":1786706086000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of virtual nursing implementation with documentation completeness and interruptions in emergency departments"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8992-2946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saif","family":"Khairat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carolina Health Informatics Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States"},{"name":"School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27514,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Cecil G Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2399-7880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Morelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27514,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6858-0637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiyi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27514,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randy","family":"Fakhreddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27514,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Edson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNC Health , Morrisville, NC 27560,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauri","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNC Health , Morrisville, NC 27560,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Crandell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27514,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100112491221000_ocag145-B1","author":"2026 NSI National Health Care Retention & RN Staffing Report","year":"2026"},{"key":"2026100112491221000_ocag145-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s12245-024-00628-y","article-title":"Emergency department responses to nursing shortages","volume":"17","author":"Hodgson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2026100112491221000_ocag145-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2024.104706","article-title":"The association between nurse staffing and quality of care in emergency departments: a systematic review","volume":"153","author":"Drennan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"key":"2026100112491221000_ocag145-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jen.2015.12.003","article-title":"Emergency nurses\u2019 perspectives: factors affecting caring","volume":"42","author":"Enns","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Emerg Nurs"},{"key":"2026100112491221000_ocag145-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2001.115440","article-title":"Work interrupted: a comparison of workplace interruptions in emergency departments and primary care offices","volume":"38","author":"Chisholm","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"2026100112491221000_ocag145-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e188","DOI":"10.37765\/ajmc.2021.88667","article-title":"Current status and influencing factors of nursing interruption events","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"2026100112491221000_ocag145-B7","author":"The impact of interruptions on the duration of nursing interventions: a direct observation study in an academic emergency department. 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