{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T16:50:33Z","timestamp":1792601433850,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100025092","name":"Ontario Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100025092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ontario Health and OntarioMD"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Indigenous and Black Engineering and Technology"},{"name":"2023 AMS Healthcare Fellowship in Compassion and AI"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) scribes and their impact on clinical documentation time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Artificial intelligence scribes were assessed using clinical simulations with 9 primary care physicians, each conducting 4 simulated encounters with standardized patients with and without the use of an AI scribe. Clinical simulations were audio and video recorded, and videos were coded for documentation behaviors using a designed coding scheme.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical documentation accounts for 36.3% of the simulated clinical encounter without the use of the AI scribe, whereas primary care physicians spend 11.2% of the simulated encounter on clinical documentation when using an AI scribe. The use of AI scribes accounts for a 69.1% reduction in documentation time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical simulations offered a controlled and realistic environment to assess the impact of AI scribes on primary care physicians\u2019 workflows, demonstrating their potential to reduce documentation time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Artificial intelligence scribes demonstrate potential to alleviate the burden of clinical documentation, addressing a critical factor contributing to physician burnout. Further research is needed to understand the impact of AI scribes in real-life clinical settings across complex patient scenarios.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamiaopen\/ooag101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T20:50:42Z","timestamp":1783457442000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluating the impact of artificial intelligence scribes on clinical documentation in primary care: a simulation study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9710-5545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"LaShawn","family":"Murray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON, M5S 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