{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T15:47:58Z","timestamp":1788536878386,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]],"date-time":"2018-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U19HS021093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19HS021093"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hospitalized patients often receive opioids. There is a lack of consensus regarding evidence-based guidelines or training programs for effective management of pain in the hospital. We investigated the viability of using an Internet-based opioid dosing simulator to teach residents appropriate use of opioids to treat and manage acute pain.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used a prospective, longitudinal design to evaluate the effects of simulator training. In face-to-face didactic sessions, we taught 120 (108 internal medicine and 12 family medicine) residents principles of pain management and how to use the simulator. Each trainee completed 10 training and, subsequently, 5 testing trials on the simulator. For each trial, we collected medications, doses, routes and times of administration, pain scores, and a summary score. We used mixed-effects regression models to assess the impact of simulation training on simulation performance scores, variability in pain score trajectories, appropriate use of short- and long-acting opioids, and use of naloxone.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Trainees completed 1582 simulation trials (M\u2009=\u200913.2, SD = 6.8), with sustained improvements in their simulated pain management practices. Over time, trainees improved their overall simulated pain management scores (b\u2009=\u20090.05, P &amp;lt; .01), generated lower pain score trajectories with less variability (b = \u22120.02, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.01), switched more rapidly from short-acting to long-acting agents (b = \u22120.50, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.01), and used naloxone less often (b = \u22120.10, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.01).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Trainees translated their understanding of didactically presented principles of pain management to their performance on simulated patient cases. Simulation-based training presents an opportunity for improving opioid-based inpatient acute pain management.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamiaopen\/ooy026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,27]],"date-time":"2018-06-27T18:37:45Z","timestamp":1530124665000},"page":"246-254","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Learning optimal opioid prescribing and monitoring: a simulation study of medical residents"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Thomas G","family":"Kannampallil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"McNutt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Falck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William L","family":"Galanter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"},{"name":"Departments of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dave","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discerning Systems Inc., Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Houshang","family":"Darabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashkan","family":"Sharabiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gordon","family":"Schiff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Odwazny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Consultant, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allen J","family":"Vaida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Safe Medication Practices, Horsham, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana J","family":"Wilkie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Palliative Care Research and Education, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce L","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Communication and Health, Department of Communication Studies, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, 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