{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T08:32:33Z","timestamp":1792139553309,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]],"date-time":"2021-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Chromatographic behavior of different substances in normal and reversed phases is an interesting area in the scientific community.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The work aimed to optimize and validate chromatographic separation methods for simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PAR) and phenylephrine HCl (PHE) in the presence of PAR impurities, namely p-aminophenol, p-nitrophenol, acetanilide, and p-chloroacetanilide with further quantification of these toxic impurities.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>TLC method based on normal phase separation was carried out on aluminum sheets of silica gel 60 F254 using ethanol:chloroform:ammonia as a developing system, followed by densitometric measurements. While HPLC is based on reversed phase separation using a C18 column against acetonitrile:phosphate buffer pH 5 as a mobile phase.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PAR and PHE were determined by the TLC-densitometric method in concentration ranges of 3\u201325 and 0.1\u20133\u2009\u00b5g\/band, respectively, and determined by the HPLC method over concentration ranges of 5\u2013400 and 2\u201380\u2009\u00b5g\/mL, respectively. Both methods were optimized and validated. Furthermore, they were successfully applied for pharmaceutical formulations with precision &amp;lt;2%. Moreover, results of a statistical comparison with the official methods confirm the methods\u2019 validity claims.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Two eco-friendly chromatographic methods were developed to determine PAR and PHE in their binary mixtures, pharmaceutical formulations, and in the presence of PAR-related impurities with further quantification of these toxic impurities.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These simple chromatographic methods are the first methods developed for simultaneous determination of PAR and PHE in the presence of PAR-related impurities.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoacint\/qsab119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]],"date-time":"2021-09-11T11:08:04Z","timestamp":1631358484000},"page":"26-33","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Systemic Optimization and Validation of Normal and Reversed-Phase Eco-Friendly Chromatographic Methods for Simultaneous Determination of Paracetamol and Phenylephrine Hydrochloride in the Presence of Paracetamol Impurities"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4888-1359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joliana F","family":"Farid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cairo University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Analytical Chemistry Department, Kasr-El-Aini, 11562 Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6589-969X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia M","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cairo University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Analytical Chemistry Department, Kasr-El-Aini, 11562 Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4446-0853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasmin M","family":"Fayez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cairo University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Analytical Chemistry Department, Kasr-El-Aini, 11562 Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6615-7957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hebatallah M","family":"Essam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cairo University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Analytical Chemistry Department, Kasr-El-Aini, 11562 Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022020900104949000_qsab119-B1","year":"2016"},{"key":"2022020900104949000_qsab119-B2","author":"expert","year":"2016"},{"key":"2022020900104949000_qsab119-B3","volume-title":"Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference","author":"Sweetman","year":"2011","edition":"37th Ed"},{"key":"2022020900104949000_qsab119-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1177\/096032719101000615","volume":"10","author":"Fowler","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hum. 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