{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T01:57:35Z","timestamp":1773107855850,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Levamisole hydrochloride (LVM) is an anthelmintic drug substance with immunomodulatory and anticancer activities. LVM has also found usage as a cutting agent in street cocaine.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study was aimed to develop and validate an alternative and improved stability-indicating reversed-phase ultraperformance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC) method for the determination of LVM and the estimation of its related compounds.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The UPLC method for the assay was optimized in terms of organic solvents consumed, pH, column temperature, and flow rate. Determination of LVM and its related compounds was performed using a gradient elution on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC\u00ae BEH C18 (50\u2009mm\u2009\u00d7\u20092.1\u2009mm i.d., 130\u2009\u00c5). The column temperature was maintained at 35\u00b0C. Mobile phase A was composed of aqueous 5\u2009mM ammonium hydroxide, and mobile phase B was composed of acetonitrile. All the analytes were monitored by UV detection at 215\u2009nm with a flow rate of 0.7\u2009mL\/min. The total runtime of the method with column equilibration is 4.0\u2009min.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The developed method met all the acceptance criteria of the current International Council for Harmonization [ICH Q2 (R1)] guidelines. The method was tested in terms of specificity, linearity (R2\u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.999), limit of detection (LOD; 0.06\u2009\u03bcg\/mL), limit of quantitation (LOQ; 0.2\u2009\u03bcg\/mL), accuracy, precision, and robustness. With a short analysis time (&amp;lt;2.5\u2009min) and reduced consumption of organic solvents, the proposed method is considered a greener alternative to conventional chromatographic methods.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An alternative and improved UPLC method was successfully developed and validated in accordance with the ICH guidelines for the determination of LVM and the estimation of its related compounds.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Due to its high degree of selectivity, speed, and accuracy, the developed method can significantly benefit the end-users with laboratory efficiency and throughput during routine analysis of production batches and stability monitoring of LVM-related drug products.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoacint\/qsad035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T12:58:46Z","timestamp":1678885126000},"page":"1323-1329","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Improved Stability-Indicating RP-UPLC Method for the Levamisole Hydrochloride Assay and Estimation of Its Related Compounds"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2107-0396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarju","family":"Adhikari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Pharmaceutical Technique Support, Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health (BIAH) , 631 US Route 1 South , North Brunswick, NJ 08902, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0764-2738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abu M","family":"Rustum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Pharmaceutical Technique Support, Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health (BIAH) , 631 US Route 1 South , North Brunswick, NJ 08902, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023090111581129000_qsad035-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-0348-7094-8_11","volume":"20","author":"Janssen","year":"1976","journal-title":"Prog. 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