{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T10:58:33Z","timestamp":1791889113784,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The increasing popularity of herbal medicines and dietary supplements has raised concern about potential adulteration with pharmaceutical drugs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To detect and determine cyproheptadine (CYP) and dexamethasone (DEX) as adulterants in weight gain herbal supplements found in the Iraqi market.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Nine herbal supplements marketed as natural weight gainers were purchased from local pharmacies and were screened using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for qualitative and quantitative detection of CYP and DEX.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CYP was detected in seven of the nine products at levels of 2.65\u20138.6\u2009mg per dosage unit. DEX was detected in all test solutions at levels of 6.2\u201318.75\u2009mg per dosage unit.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A large proportion of herbal weight gain supplements was found to contain undeclared pharmaceuticals with severe health implications. The findings call for the immediate institution of tighter regulatory control and regular quality control tests in the name of consumer safety.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Herbals and supplements for weight gain are increasingly popular but may be adulterated with pharmaceutical drugs that impose serious health risks for consumers. There is an urgent need for regulatory enforcement and routine quality checks are recommended.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoacint\/qsaf050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T20:31:40Z","timestamp":1750969900000},"page":"753-759","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Chromatographic Detection and Determination of Cyproheptadine and Dexamethasone as Adulterants in Weight Gain Supplements"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8288-910X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arwa Ilyas","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Mosul, College of Pharmacy , Mosul 41002,","place":["Iraq"]},{"name":"Al-Noor University, College of Pharmacy, Mosul, 41001, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2126-4366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hasan Saad","family":"Aldewachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ninevah University, College of Pharmacy , Mosul 41002,","place":["Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7368-3469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed Ibrahim","family":"Aladul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Mosul, College of Pharmacy , Mosul 41002,","place":["Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090907221117800_qsaf050-B1","first-page":"377","volume":"9","author":"Becker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ethn. 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