{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:05:14Z","timestamp":1753877114062,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]],"date-time":"2020-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In order to further increase the stability of the cannula behind the ribs and to facilitate cannula exteriorization in growing pigs, the present study aimed to evaluate whether elongation of the cannula flange could increase the stability of the cannula behind the ribs and to develop a tool to improve the exteriorization of the cannula through the ribs. Moreover, it was assessed whether a special skin protection paste and soft polyurethane foam material used in daily skin care could prevent erythema around the fistula. The feasibility of both, the modified simple T-cannula and daily skin care procedure, was evaluated in a digestibility experiment. Simple T-cannulae were made of high-molecular-weight polyethylene and inserted into the distal ileum of eight growing pigs (average body weight at surgery 30 kg). Modifications in the cannula design included a longer flange (11 cm) that was narrowed from the center to the ends and a bending of the flange to adapt it to the curve of the costal arch. In order to reduce the damage to the thread on the outer cannula barrel during surgery, a special surgical plug in conjunction with a screw thread on the inside of the barrel was developed. With respect to the daily cleaning of the fistula, a special skin protection paste was applied on the skin around the fistula to create a waterproof film that entirely sealed the skin. Additionally, foam material was inserted between the retaining ring and the skin to absorb the leaking digesta. Monitoring of the pigs throughout the trial showed that modifications in cannula design proved to be useful as they facilitated exteriorization of the cannula through the ribs and stability of the cannula behind the ribs. Moreover, the use of the skin protection paste and foam material during postsurgical treatment of growing pigs effectively prevented skin irritation around the flank area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaa091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,24]],"date-time":"2020-03-24T04:57:45Z","timestamp":1585025865000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Improved simple T-cannula technique to facilitate surgery and daily skin care of growing pigs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2413-4957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara U","family":"Metzler-Zebeli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Unit Nutritional Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pia","family":"Rosenfelder-Kuon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helga","family":"Brehm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meike","family":"Eklund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"Mosenthin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.2527\/2001.7951250x","article-title":"The effect of feed intake on ileal rate of passage and apparent amino acid digestibility determined with or without correction factors in pigs","volume":"79","author":"Albin","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2813","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2014-8210","article-title":"Effect of processing of rapeseed under defined conditions in a pilot plant on chemical composition and standardized ileal amino acid digestibility in rapeseed meal for pigs","volume":"93","author":"Eklund","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0003","first-page":"942","article-title":"Simultaneous cecostomy and ileal cannulation with a modified flexible T cannula in gilts","volume":"46","author":"Hamilton","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2010.12.024","article-title":"Chemical composition and standardised ileal digestibilities of crude protein and amino acids in grain legumes for growing pigs","volume":"138","author":"Jezierny","year":"2011","journal-title":"Livest. Sci"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2007-0262","article-title":"Effects of dietary supplementation of an enzyme blend on the ileal and fecal digestibility of nutrients in growing pigs","volume":"86","author":"Ji","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-017-0168-2","article-title":"Effect of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis supplementation in diets with low- and high-protein content on ileal crude protein and amino acid digestibility and intestinal microbiota composition of growing pigs","volume":"8","author":"Kaewtapee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0007","first-page":"779","article-title":"Influence of wet heating and autoclaving on chemical composition and standardized ileal crude protein and amino acid digestibility in full-fat soybeans for pigs","volume":"95","author":"Kaewtapee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e695","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12814","article-title":"Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in European soya bean and rapeseed products fed to growing pigs","volume":"102","author":"Kaewtapee","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl)"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0009","first-page":"117","article-title":"The effect of dietary crude protein level on ileal and fecal amino acid digestibility in early-weaned pigs","volume-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr","author":"Li","year":"1993"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0010","volume-title":"Tierschutzgesetz: Tierschutzgesetz mit Allgemeiner Verwaltungsvorschrift, Rechtsverordnungen und Europ\u00e4ische \u00dcbereinkommen; Kommentar","author":"Lorz","year":"1999","edition":"5"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.53767","article-title":"Effect of particle size and heat treatment of soybean meal on standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in growing pigs","volume":"90","author":"Messerschmidt","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2013.10.009","volume":"187","author":"Messerschmidt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2007-0267","article-title":"The effect of dietary phosphorus and calcium level, phytase supplementation, and ileal infusion of pectin on the chemical composition and carbohydrase activity of fecal bacteria and the level of microbial metabolites in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs","volume":"86","author":"Metzler","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-1560","article-title":"Ileal microbiota of growing pigs fed different dietary calcium phosphate levels and phytase content and subjected to ileal pectin infusion","volume":"88","author":"Metzler-Zebeli","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114519000849","article-title":"Transglycosylated starch accelerated intestinal transit and enhanced bacterial fermentation in the large intestine using a pig model","volume":"122","author":"Metzler-Zebeli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0016","first-page":"175","article-title":"Influence of pectin on the digestibility of biotin in growing pigs","volume":"43","author":"Mosenthin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Agribiol. Res"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0167784","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0167784","article-title":"Enzymatically modified starch modulates gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in growing pigs","volume":"11","author":"Newman","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.2527\/2005.8371563x","article-title":"Technical note: improved technique for fitting pigs with steered ileocecal valve cannulas","volume":"83","author":"Radcliffe","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2535","DOI":"10.2527\/2003.81102535x","article-title":"Dietary galactooligosaccharides affect ileal and total-tract nutrient digestibility, ileal and fecal bacterial concentrations, and ileal fermentative characteristics of growing pigs","volume":"81","author":"Smiricky-Tjardes","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.2527\/1998.7651433x","article-title":"Technical note: a technique for inserting a T-cannula into the distal ileum of pregnant sows","volume":"76","author":"Stein","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0021","first-page":"1614","article-title":"Variations in the chemical composition and standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in eight genotypes of triticale fed to growing pigs","volume":"95","author":"Strang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2020071414224646400_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3805","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2016-0599","article-title":"Chemical composition and standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of eight genotypes of rye fed to growing pigs","volume":"94","author":"Strang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Animal Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skaa091\/32962806\/skaa091.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/98\/4\/skaa091\/33495698\/skaa091.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/98\/4\/skaa091\/33495698\/skaa091.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]],"date-time":"2020-07-14T18:23:38Z","timestamp":1594751018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skaa091\/5811135"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jas\/skaa091","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8812","1525-3163"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0021-8812"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1525-3163"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]]},"article-number":"skaa091"}}