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The objective of this study was to evaluate the intestinal inflammatory response during the postweaning period in piglets. A 45-d study included 108 piglets (weaned at 22 d, body weight 5.53 \u00b1 1.19 kg), distributed in 12 pens with nine pigs per pen. Histomorphometry, gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and the quantity of immunoglobulin (Ig) A producing cells were measured in jejunum, ileum, and colon on days 0, 15, 30, and 45 postweaning. Cytokine gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and Ig quantities were analyzed in blood from piglets on days 0, 15, 30, and 45 postweaning. Histomorphometrical results showed a lower villus length directly after weaning. Results demonstrated a postweaning intestinal inflammation response for at least 15 d postweaning by upregulation of IgA producing cells and IFN-\u03b3, IL-1\u03b1, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12\u03b1, and TGF-\u03b2 in jejunum, ileum, and colon. IgM and IgA were upregulated at day 30 postweaning. IgG was downregulated at day 15 postweaning. The results indicate that weaning in piglets is associated with a prolonged and transient response in gene expression of pro- and anti-in\ufb02ammatory cytokines and IgA producing cells in the intestine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skab065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,28]],"date-time":"2021-02-28T08:34:45Z","timestamp":1614501285000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Weaning causes a prolonged but transient change in immune gene expression in the intestine of piglets"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9006-0071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nienke","family":"de Groot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Trouw Nutrition Innovation, Amersfoort 3811 MH, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Instituto de Inmunolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica y Enfermedades Infecciosas, M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Fari\u00f1as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dpto. Producci\u00f3n Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina G","family":"Cabrera-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dpto. Producci\u00f3n Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco J","family":"Pallares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dpto. Anatom\u00eda y Anatom\u00eda Patol\u00f3gica Comparadas, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillermo","family":"Ramis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dpto. 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