{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:24:27Z","timestamp":1791919467809,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"DSM Nutritional Products"},{"name":"Village-Neuf"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that reducing crude protein (CP) in starter diets for pigs reduces post-weaning diarrhea and improves intestinal health. In total, 180 weanling pigs were allotted to 3 diets containing 22, 19, or 16% CP. Fecal scores were visually assessed every other day. Blood samples were collected from 1 pig per pen on days 1, 6, 13, 20, and 27, and 1 pig per pen was euthanized on day 12. Results indicated that reducing dietary CP reduced (P &amp;lt; 0.01) overall average daily gain, gain to feed ratio, final body weight, and fecal scores of pigs. Pigs fed the 16% CP diet had reduced (P &amp;lt; 0.01) serum albumin compared with pigs fed other diets. Blood urea nitrogen, haptoglobin, interleukin-1\u03b2, and interleukin-6 concentrations in serum were greatest (P &amp;lt; 0.01) on day 13, whereas tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 and interleukin-10 concentrations were greatest (P &amp;lt; 0.01) on day 6. Villus height in the jejunum increased (P &amp;lt; 0.05) and crypt depth in the ileum was reduced (P &amp;lt; 0.01) if the 19% CP diet was fed to pigs compared with the 22% CP diet. A reduction (P &amp;lt; 0.05) in mRNA abundance of interferon-\u03b3, chemokine ligand 10, occludin, trefoil factor-2, trefoil factor-3, and mucin 2 was observed when pigs were fed diets with 16% CP. In conclusion, reducing CP in diets for weanling pigs reduces fecal score and expression of genes associated with inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skab166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T16:02:37Z","timestamp":1621612957000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Effect of dietary crude protein level on growth performance, blood characteristics, and indicators of intestinal health in weanling pigs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Joseph R","family":"Limbach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0659-2348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charmaine D","family":"Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Estefania","family":"Perez-Calvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, Village-Neuf, F-68128, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans H","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021070809495715400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(99)99035-3","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of retinol, tocopherols, carotene, lycopene, and xanthophylls in plasma by means of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography","volume":"299","author":"Aebischer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"2021070809495715400_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2765","DOI":"10.2741\/3413","article-title":"Mechanism of cytokine modulation of epithelial tight junction barrier","volume":"14","author":"Al-Sadi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Front. 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