{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T18:47:01Z","timestamp":1783968421852,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Youth Science Foundation Project of Hunan Agricultural University","award":["19QN01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19QN01"]}]},{"name":"Open Foundation of CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region"},{"name":"Institute of Subtropical Agriculture","award":["ISA2020101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISA2020101"]}]},{"name":"Teachers\u2019 Characteristic Innovation Research Project of Guangdong University Research Findings Commercialzation Center in Guangdong Province, China","award":["2020SWYY02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020SWYY02"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Processes of Hunan Province"},{"name":"Institute of Subtropical Agriculture"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences in Hunan Province, China","award":["ISA2020112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISA2020112"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extract (RE) has multiple pharmacological and biological activities, including the use as a food additive and medicine. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary RE supplementation on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, and microbiota of weaning piglets. A total of 192 crossbred weaned piglets [Duroc \u00d7 (Large White \u00d7 Landrace)] (initial body weight = 6.65 \u00b1 0.33 kg, weaned days = 23 \u00b1 1 d) were group housed (six pigs per pen; n = 8 pens\/treatment). Pigs were fed a corn\u2013soybean meal-based control diet or the basal diet supplemented with 100, 200, or 400 mg\/kg RE. Pigs were allowed ad libitum access to fed for 21 d. The growth performance and apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients, and intestinal morphology and antioxidant status were evaluated. The components of the microbial microflora were also determined in the cecal samples. Compared with the control, dietary supplementation with RE increased the final body weight, average daily gain, and average daily feed intake (linear, P = 0.038, 0.016, and 0.009, respectively), and decreased the diarrhea ratio in piglets (linear, P &amp;lt; 0.05). The digestibility of crude protein (linear, P = 0.034) and gross energy (linear, P = 0.046) increased with treatment with RE. Piglets fed RE showed longer villus height (linear, P = 0.037 and 0.028, respectively) and villus height\/crypt depth (linear, P = 0.004 and 0.012; quadratic, P = 0.023 and 0.036, respectively) in the jejunum and ileum, in addition to a lesser crypt depth in the jejunum (linear, P = 0.019) and ileum (quadratic, P = 0.042). The addition of RE increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (linear, P = 0.035 and 0.008, respectively) and glutathione peroxidase activity (linear, P = 0.027 and 0.039, respectively) and decreased the content of malondialdehyde (linear, P = 0.041 and 0.013; quadratic, P = 0.023 and 0.005, respectively) in the serum and liver. Dietary RE supplementation, compared with the control, increased the number of Bifidobacterium (linear, P = 0.034) and Bacteroidetes (linear, P = 0.029), while decreased Escherichia coli (linear, P = 0.008; quadratic, P = 0.014) in the cecal contents. Thus, dietary RE supplementation can improve growth performance, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, and the microbiota in weaned piglets, and 200 mg\/kg may be considered the optimum dosage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skab237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T20:01:47Z","timestamp":1628539307000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Effects of dietary rosemary extract supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, and microbiota of weaning pigs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4474-6803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mei","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yexin","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuetai","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Agro ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha 410125, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0138-1530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bie","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China"},{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Agro ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha 410125, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiashun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China"},{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Agro ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha 410125, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.102","article-title":"Estimation of total phenolic content and other oxidation substrates in plant tissues using Folin\u2013Ciocalteu reagent","volume":"2","author":"Ainsworth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2019.09.031","article-title":"Effects of dietary dried mealworm (Ptecticus tenebrifer) larvae on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in weaning pigs","volume":"230","author":"Ao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Livest. Sci"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00533","article-title":"Evaluation of the probiotic strain Bifidobacterium longum subsp. Infantis CECT 7210 capacities to improve health status and fight digestive pathogens in a piglet model","volume":"8","author":"Barba-Vidal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-018-1704-9","article-title":"Intestinal microbiota mediates Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-induced diarrhea in piglets","volume":"14","author":"Bin","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2020.0057","article-title":"Short chain fatty acids in human gut and metabolic health","volume":"11","author":"Blaak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Beneficial Microbes"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2020.114391","article-title":"Effects of dietary gallic acid on growth performance, diarrhea incidence, intestinal morphology, plasma antioxidant indices, and immune response in weaned piglets","volume":"261","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Tech"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skx062","article-title":"Weaning disrupts intestinal antioxidant status, impairs intestinal barrier and mitochondrial function, and triggers mitophagy in piglets","volume":"96","author":"Cao","year":"2018","journal-title":"j. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2015.02.010","article-title":"Oregano, rosemary and vitamin E dietary supplementation in growing rabbits: Effect on growth performance, carcass traits, bone development and meat chemical composition","volume":"175","author":"Cardinali","year":"2015","journal-title":"Livest. Sci"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2016.1214682","article-title":"The effect of volatile oil mixtures on the performance and ilio-caecal microflora of broiler chickens","volume":"57","author":"Cetin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br Poult Sci"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1080\/09712119.2019.1636800","article-title":"Effects of dietary Macleaya cordata extract on growth performance, immune responses, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal development in weaned piglets","volume":"47","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Appl. Anim. Res"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13247","article-title":"Effects of dietary supplementation of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides on growth performance, immune status, antioxidant capacity and selected microbial populations of weaned piglets","volume":"104","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. An. N"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0013","first-page":"6508494","article-title":"Effects of paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) leaf extract on growth performance and fecal microflora of weaned piglets","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed Res. Int"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.2174\/1389203720666190125101834","article-title":"Differentiation and proliferation of intestinal stem cells and its underlying regulated mechanisms during weaning","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Protein Pept. Sci"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2017.01.011","article-title":"Morphogenesis and maturation of the embryonic and postnatal intestine","volume":"66","author":"Chin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8030076","article-title":"Development and validation of an analytical method for carnosol, carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid in food matrices and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of rosemary extract as a food additive","volume":"8","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9110986","article-title":"The facilitating effect of tartary buckwheat flavonoids and Lactobacillus plantarum on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant capacity, and fecal microbiota of weaned piglets.","volume":"9","author":"Cui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0018","first-page":"57","article-title":"The effect of dietary garlic and rosemary on grower-finisher pig performance and sensory characteristics of pork","author":"Cullen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Irish J. Agr. Food Res"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00613","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.613","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of selected essential oils against Streptococcus suis isolated from pigs","volume":"7","author":"De Aguiar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiologyopen"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-020-00440-7","article-title":"Changes of the glutathione redox system during the weaning transition in piglets, in relation to small intestinal morphology and barrier function","volume":"11","author":"Degroote","year":"2020","journal-title":"j. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15798","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-08111-w","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of rosemary leaf extracts and efficacy of ethanol extract against testicular damage caused by 50-Hz electromagnetic field in albino rats","volume":"27","author":"Gazwi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2017.05.004","article-title":"Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Postweaning Piglets: Understanding the Keys to Health","volume":"25","author":"Gresse","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.016","article-title":"Exploring Bacteroidetes: Metabolic key points and immunological tricks of our gut commensals","volume":"50","author":"Gibiino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10080988","article-title":"The potential of gut commensals in reinforcing intestinal barrier function and alleviating inflammation","volume":"10","author":"Hiippala","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.11.006","article-title":"A microbiota-derived bacteriocin targets the host to confer diarrhea resistance in early-weaned piglets","volume":"24","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11020402","article-title":"Using nutritional strategies to shape the gastro-intestinal tracts of suckling and weaned piglets","volume":"11","author":"Huting","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2006.06.027","article-title":"Preliminary investigation of the effects of low-level dietary inclusion of fragrant essential oils and oleoresins on pig performance and pork quality","volume":"75","author":"Janz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Meat Sci"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2017.06.002","article-title":"Husbandry practices and gut health outcomes in weaned piglets: A review","volume":"3","author":"Jayaraman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anim. Nutr"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1080\/1828051X.2016.1222246","article-title":"Effect of dried tangerine peel extract supplementation on the growth performance and antioxidant status of broiler chicks","volume":"15","author":"Jiang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ital. J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0064","first-page":"447","article-title":"Mechanism of protective effect of carnosol on pig intestinal epithelial cells","volume":"13","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1080\/09168451.2020.1800445","article-title":"Anti-stress effects of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalisL.) leaf extract on intestinal goblet cells and immobility of forced-swimming test in BALB\/c mice","volume":"84","author":"Kayashima","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biosci Biotechnol Biochem"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-72.8.1744","article-title":"In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Commercial Rosemary Extract Formulations","volume":"72","author":"Klancnik","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Food Prot"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.07.091","article-title":"Phytochemical profile of Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia officinalis extracts and correlation to their antioxidant and anti-proliferative activity","volume":"136","author":"Kontogianni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20040880","article-title":"Carnosol as a Nrf2 activator improves endothelial barrier function through antioxidative mechanisms","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731115000348","article-title":"Supplementation of Rosemary extract in the diet of Nero Siciliano pigs: evaluation of the antioxidant properties on meat quality","volume":"9","author":"Liotta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9100729","article-title":"Effects of Forsythia suspense extract as an antibiotics substitute on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, serum antioxidant capacity, fecal Escherichia coli concentration and intestinal morphology of weaned piglets","volume":"9","author":"Long","year":"2019","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.17.01183","article-title":"Carnosic acid and carnosol, two major antioxidants of rosemary, act through different mechanisms","volume":"175","author":"Loussouarn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plant Physiol"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0038","first-page":"54","article-title":"Hepatoprotective, antihyperlipidemic and radical scavenging activity of Hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha) and Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) on alcoholic liver disease","volume":"25","author":"Luis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Altern Ther Health Med"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0069","first-page":"2139","article-title":"Impact of Rosmarinus officinalis cold-pressed oil on health, growth performance, intestinal bacterial populations, and immunocompetence of Japanese quail","author":"Mahgoub","year":"2019"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2010-3646","article-title":"Use of rosemary, oregano, and a commercial blend of essential oils in broiler chickens: in vitro antimicrobial activities and effects on growth performance","volume":"90","author":"Mathlouthi","year":"2012","journal-title":"j. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1008685","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1008685","article-title":"pH-dependent activation of cytokinesis modulates Escherichia coli cell size","volume":"16","author":"Mueller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plos Genet"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2019.734264","article-title":"Ameliorative effect of diets supplemented with rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) on aflatoxin B1 toxicity in terms of the performance, liver histopathology, immunity and antioxidant activity of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","volume":"511","author":"Naiel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.3390\/medicines5030098","article-title":"Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis, L.): A Review","volume":"5","author":"Nieto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicines"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0085"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6533","DOI":"10.1039\/C9FO01664C","article-title":"Hydroethanolic plant extracts from cameroon positively modulate enzymes relevant to carbohydrate\/lipid digestion and cardio-metabolic diseases","volume":"10","author":"Nwakiban","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1111\/asj.13228","article-title":"The effects of dietary supplementation with porous zinc oxide on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, morphology, and permeability in weaned piglets","volume":"90","author":"Peng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anim. Sci. j"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e223002","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0223002","article-title":"Dietary supplementation with the extract from Eucommia ulmoides leaves changed epithelial restitution and gut microbial community and composition of weanling piglets","volume":"14","author":"Peng","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0047","first-page":"3704","article-title":"Effects of different dietary protein sources on cecal microflora in rats","volume":"10","author":"Qi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Afr. J. Biotechnol"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2020-086","article-title":"Carnosic acid improves porcine early embryonic development by inhibiting the accumulation of reactive oxygen species","volume":"66","author":"Peng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Reprod Dev"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6821","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.7b01925","article-title":"Possible molecular mechanisms by which an essential oil blend from star anise, rosemary, thyme, and oregano and saponins increase the performance and ileal protein digestibility of growing broilers","volume":"65","author":"Reyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"j. Agric. Food Chem"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e94687","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094687","article-title":"A rosemary extract rich in carnosic acid selectively modulates caecum microbiota and inhibits \u03b2-glucosidase activity, altering fiber and short chain fatty acids fecal excretion in lean and obese female rats","volume":"9","author":"Romo-Vaquero","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0051","first-page":"224","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of rosemary extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) against different species of Listeria","volume":"69","author":"Rozman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Roum. Arch. Microbiol. Immunol"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.04.048","article-title":"Rosemary extract improves cognitive deficits in a rat model of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury associated with reduction of astrocytosis and neuronal degeneration in hippocampus","volume":"622","author":"Song","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0053","first-page":"1","article-title":"Identification of the core bacteria in rectums of diarrheic and non-diarrheic piglets","volume":"9","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep.-UK"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7014126","article-title":"Rosemary reduces heat stress by inducing CRYAB and HSP70 expression in broiler chickens","volume":"2018","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13030773","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic analysis of carnosic acid and carnosol in standardized rosemary extract and the effect on the disease activity index of DSS-induced colitis","volume":"13","author":"Veenstra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.13656","article-title":"Rosemary extract-mediated lifespan extension and attenuated oxidative damage in drosophila melanogaster fed on high-fat diet","volume":"82","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Food Sci"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12517","article-title":"Effects of Piper sarmentosum extract on the growth performance, antioxidant capability and immune response in weaned piglets","volume":"101","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"j. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl)"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens4010034","article-title":"The use of lactic acid bacteria as a probiotic in swine diets","volume":"4","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11036","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11408-5","article-title":"Carnosic acid prevents dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis associated with the regulation of the Keap1\/Nrf2 pathway","volume":"7","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1017\/S000711451000365X","article-title":"Dietary L-arginine supplementation enhances intestinal development and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in weanling piglets","volume":"105","author":"Yao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. j. Nutr"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13431","article-title":"Effect of essential oils or saponins alone or in combination on productive performance, intestinal morphology and digestive enzymes\u2019 activity of broiler chickens","volume":"105","author":"Youssef","year":"2021","journal-title":"j. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl)"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.08.085","article-title":"Suppression of LPS-induced inflammatory activities by Rosmarinus officinalis L","volume":"136","author":"Yu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"2021090612511970900_CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10111998","article-title":"Eucommia Ulmoides Flavones as antibiotic alternatives in a low-protein diet improve growth performance and intestinal health in weaning piglets","volume":"10","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals"}],"container-title":["Journal of Animal Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skab237\/39620782\/skab237.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/99\/9\/skab237\/40315927\/skab237.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/99\/9\/skab237\/40315927\/skab237.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T22:03:51Z","timestamp":1630965831000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skab237\/6346706"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jas\/skab237","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8812","1525-3163"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-8812","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-3163","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]]},"article-number":"skab237"}}