{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T18:47:07Z","timestamp":1777661227427,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic heat stress on the immunophenotyping of lymphocytes in immune organs of growing pigs. A single-factor randomized block design was used, and 15 healthy growing large white barrows (5 litters, 3 pigs\/litter) with similar body weight (40.8 kg) were assigned into 3 groups (5 pigs in each group). Groups were: control group (Con, in 23 \u00b0C environmental control chamber, fed ad libitum), heat stress group (HS, in 33 \u00b0C environmental control chamber, fed ad libitum), and pair-fed group (PF, in 23 \u00b0C environmental control chamber, fed diets according to the feed intake of HS group). After a 7-d adaption, the experiment lasted for 21 d. The results showed as follows: (1) activated T cells in the thymus of HS pigs were higher than those in PF pigs (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Monocytes and dendritic cells in the thymus of HS pigs were significantly higher than that in Con and PF pigs (P &amp;lt; 0.05), while the proportions of these 2 lymphocytes in the thymus of Con pigs did not differ from PF pigs (P &amp;gt; 0.05). Compared with Con pigs, the proportion of CD4+ (P &amp;lt; 0.05) and CD8+ T cells (P &amp;lt; 0.10) in the thymus was increased in HS pigs, while the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in PF pigs did not differ from Con pigs (P &amp;gt; 0.05). (2) Compared with Con pigs, significantly decreased T cells, increased B cells and monocytes were found in the spleen of pigs exposed to heat stress (P &amp;lt; 0.05); the proportions of these 3 types of lymphocytes were not significantly different between Con and PF pigs (P &amp;gt; 0.05). The proportions of CD4+ T cells and Treg cells in the spleen of pigs exposed to heat stress tended to be lower than those in the Con pigs (P &amp;lt; 0.10). (3) The proportion of lymphocytes in the tonsils of pigs exposed to heat stress did not differ from Con pigs (P &amp;gt; 0.05); compared with PF pigs, the proportion of Treg cells was significantly decreased in HS pigs (P &amp;lt; 0.05). In conclusion, chronic heat stress stimulates the development and maturation of T cells in the pig thymus toward CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and increases the proportion of monocytes and dendritic cells; under the condition of chronic heat stress, the immune response process in the spleen of pigs is enhanced, but chronic heat stress impairs the survival of CD4+ T cells in the spleen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skac317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T17:58:48Z","timestamp":1664992728000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effects of chronic heat stress on the immunophenotyping of lymphocytes in immune organs of growing pigs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4909-2842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shanlong","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meijing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Animal Husbandry Station , Beijing 100020 , PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Bangzhide Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd , Wuhan 430061 , PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Bangzhide Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd , Wuhan 430061 , PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruqing","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongfu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022111715093225800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2010.08.023","article-title":"HPA axis responsiveness to stress: implications for healthy aging","volume":"46","author":"Aguilera","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. 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