{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T21:57:51Z","timestamp":1783115871098,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":121,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive","award":["2016-67016-24946"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-67016-24946"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017-07016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-07016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"North Dakota State Board of Agricultural Research Education"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Adequate maternal nutrition is key for proper fetal development and epigenetic programming. One-carbon metabolites (OCM), including vitamin B12, folate, choline, and methionine, play a role in epigenetic mechanisms associated with developmental programming. This study investigated the presence of B12 and folate in maternal serum, allantoic fluid (ALF), and amniotic fluid (AMF), as well as how those concentrations in all three fluids correlate to the concentrations of methionine\u2013folate cycle intermediates in heifers receiving either a control (CON) or restricted (RES) diet for the first 50 d of gestation and fetal hepatic gene expression for methionine\u2013folate cycle enzymes. Angus cross heifers (n\u2005=\u200543) were estrus synchronized, bred via artificial insemination with semen from a single sire, and randomly assigned to one of two nutrition treatments (CON\u2005=\u200520, RES\u2005=\u200523). Heifers were ovariohysterectomized on either day 16 (n\u2005=\u200514), 34 (n\u2005=\u200515), or 50 of gestation (n\u2005=\u200514), where samples of maternal serum (n\u2005=\u200542), ALF (n\u2005=\u200529), and AMF (n\u2005=\u200511) were collected and analyzed for concentrations of folate and B12. Concentrations of B12 and folate in ALF were greater (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) in RES compared to CON. For ALF, folate concentrations were also greater (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.01) on day 34 compared to day 50. There was a significant (P\u2005=\u20050.04) nutrition\u2005\u00d7\u2005fluid interaction for B12 concentrations where concentrations were greatest in restricted ALF, intermediate in control ALF, and lowest in CON and RES serum and AMF. Folate concentrations were greatest (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.01) in ALF, intermediate in serum, and lowest in AMF. Additionally, positive correlations (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) were found between ALF and AMF folate concentrations and AMF concentrations of methionine, serine, and glycine. Negative correlations (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) between AMF folate and serum homocysteine were also observed. Both positive and negative correlations (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) depending on the fluid evaluated were found between B12 and methionine, serine, and glycine concentrations. There was a downregulation (P\u2005=\u20050.05) of dihydrofolate reductase and upregulation (P\u2005=\u20050.03) of arginine methyltransferase 7 gene expression in RES fetal liver samples compared with CON fetal liver on day 50. Combined, these data show restricted maternal nutrition results in increased B12 and folate concentrations present in fetal fluids, and increased expression of genes for enzymes within one-carbon metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skad139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T15:11:21Z","timestamp":1683040281000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Concentrations of vitamin B12 and folate in maternal serum and fetal fluids, metabolite interrelationships, and hepatic transcript abundance of key folate and methionine cycle genes: the impacts of maternal nutrition during the first 50 d of gestation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Jessica G","family":"Syring","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University , Fargo, ND 58108 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4579-2737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew S","family":"Crouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA, ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center , Clay Center, NE 68933 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6642-9449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tammi L","family":"Neville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University , Fargo, ND 58108 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison K","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University , Fargo, ND 58108 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4556-4315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carl R","family":"Dahlen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University , Fargo, ND 58108 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence P","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University , Fargo, ND 58108 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawel P","family":"Borowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University , Fargo, ND 58108 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4760-8182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyle J","family":"McLean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, TN 37996 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan W","family":"Neville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA, ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center , Clay Center, NE 68933 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel S","family":"Caton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University , Fargo, ND 58108 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024050200151949000_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e31818702a2","article-title":"Maternal and fetal fatty acid profile in normal and intrauterine growth restriction pregnancies with and without preeclampsia","volume":"64","author":"Alvino","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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