{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T16:05:20Z","timestamp":1791561920220,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A multistate experiment involving universities in IL, IN, KY, and MN was conducted as a part of the research efforts by the North-Central Coordinating Committee-42 on swine nutrition. The null hypothesis that there are no differences in the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) among different sources of bakery meal was tested. Eleven sources of bakery meal were procured from swine-producing states in the United States and each source was included in one diet as the sole source of AA. A N-free diet was prepared as well. Diets were prepared in one batch and divided into four sub-batches that were subsequently distributed to the four participating universities. At each university, diets were fed to 12 pigs that had a T- cannula installed in the distal ileum. Pigs were allotted to incomplete Latin square designs with 12 pigs and 4, 5, or 6 periods for a total of 21 replicate pigs per diet. Each period lasted 7 d with ileal digesta being collected from the cannulas on days 6 and 7. Samples were analyzed for AA and the SID of each AA was calculated. Results indicated that there were differences (P &amp;lt; 0.001) in the SID of all AA except Pro among the 11 sources of bakery meal. The differences in SID of AA observed in this experiment were greater than what is usually observed among sources of the same ingredient, indicating that there is more variability among sources of bakery meal than among different sources of other ingredients. This is likely a consequence of different raw materials being used in the production of different sources of bakery meal. Regardless of source of bakery meal, the AA with the least SID was Lys indicating that some of the raw materials in the product streams used to generate the bakery meals may have been overheated. Additionally, the Lys:crude protein ratio in each source of bakery meal was not a good predictor of the SID of Lys, which likely reflects the different raw materials being included in the different meals. In conclusion, the SID of AA varies among different sources of bakery meal and the SID of Lys is less than the SID of all other indispensable AA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skad208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]],"date-time":"2023-06-22T20:50:03Z","timestamp":1687467003000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids differs among sources of bakery meal when fed to growing pigs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Hans H","family":"Stein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign, IL , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2737-7679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olayiwola","family":"Adeola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University , West Lafayette, IN , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel K","family":"Baidoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Minnesota , Waseca, MN , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merlin D","family":"Lindemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington, KY , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunday A","family":"Adedokun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington, KY , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"North Central Coordinating Committee on Swine Nutrition (NCCC-42)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M J","family":"Azain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Georgia , Athens, GA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S D","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma State University , Stillwater, OK , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T D","family":"Crenshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Dilger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign, IL , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G M","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Jha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu, HI , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B J","family":"Kerr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARS-USDA , Ames, IA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S W","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mississippi State University Starkville , MS , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California , Davis, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P S","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Nebraska , Lincoln, NE , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J L","family":"Nelssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kansas State University , Manhattan, KS , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J F","family":"Patience","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iowa State University , Ames, IA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M S","family":"Shannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri , Columbus, MO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Woyengo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South Dakota State University , Brookings, SD , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Beitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iowa State University , Ames, IA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4109","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2011-4143","article-title":"Digestibility of amino acids in corn, corn co-products and bakery meal fed to growing pigs","volume":"89","author":"Almeida","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-1891-4-44","article-title":"Amino acid digestibility of heat damaged distillers dried grains with solubles fed to pigs","volume":"4","author":"Almeida","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0003","volume-title":"Official methods of analysis of AOAC Int","author":"AOAC Int","year":"2007","edition":"18"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2718","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2017.1515","article-title":"The ileal digestibility of most amino acids is greater in red dog than in wheat middlings when fed to growing pigs","volume":"95","author":"Casas","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2015.05.024","article-title":"Amino acid digestibility in rice co-products fed to growing pigs","volume":"207","author":"Casas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2361","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/sky114","article-title":"Ileal digestibility of amino acids in selected feed ingredients fed to young growing pigs","volume":"96","author":"Casas","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxaa398","article-title":"Values for digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS) determined in pigs are greater for milk than for breakfast cereals, but DIAAS values for individual ingredients are additive in combined meals including both breakfast cereals and milk","volume":"151","author":"Fanelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nutr"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1093\/tas\/txy099","article-title":"Estimated energy and nutrient composition of different sources of food waste and their potential for use in sustainable swine feeding programs","volume":"3","author":"Fung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1093\/tas\/txz028","article-title":"Energy, amino acid, and phosphorus digestibility and energy prediction of thermally processed food waste sources for swine","volume":"3","author":"Fung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3617","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2010-3465","article-title":"Amino acid digestibility in heated soybean meal fed to growing pigs","volume":"89","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Vega","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2018.05.006","article-title":"Enzymatic digestion turns food waste into feed for growing pigs","volume":"242","author":"Jinno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3798","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2011-4692","article-title":"Concentrations of analyzed or reactive lysine, but not crude protein, may predict the concentration of digestible lysine in distillers dried grains with solubles fed to pigs","volume":"90","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.5713\/ab.20.0838","article-title":"Addition of hydrogen chloride to collection bags or collection containers did not change basal endogenous losses or ileal digestibility of amino acid in corn, soybean meal, or wheat middlings fed to growing pigs","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anim. Biosci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4685","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/sky310","article-title":"Nutritional composition, gross energy concentration, and in vitro digestibility of dry matter in 46 sources of bakery meals","volume":"96","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2021.115148","article-title":"Standardized total tract digestibility of phosphorus in bakery meal fed to pigs and effects of bakery meal on growth performance of weanling pigs","volume":"284","author":"Luiciano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3502","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2014-7748","article-title":"Digestibility by growing pigs of amino acids in canola meal from North America and 00-rapeseed meal and 00-rapeseed expellers from Europe","volume":"92","author":"Maison","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4217","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2016-0680","article-title":"Effects of dietary fiber on the ideal standardized ileal digestible threonine:lysine ratio for 25 to 50 kg growing gilts","volume":"94","author":"Mathai","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.2527\/2004.821179x","article-title":"Technical note: a procedure for the preparation and quantitative analysis of samples for titanium dioxide","volume":"82","author":"Myers","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0019","volume-title":"Nutrient requirements of swine","author":"NRC.","year":"2012","edition":"11"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.114.195438","article-title":"Protein digestibility-corrected amino acid scores and digestible indispensable amino acid scores differentially describe protein quality in growing male rats","volume":"145","author":"Rutherfurd","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Nutr"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1038\/s43016-022-00589-6","article-title":"Food system by-products upcycled in livestock and aquaculture feeds can increase global food supply","volume":"3","author":"Sandstr\u00f6m","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Food"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7071","DOI":"10.3390\/su12177071","article-title":"What a waste - Can we improve sustainability of food animal production systems by recycling food waste streams into animal feed in an era of health, climate and economic crises?","volume":"12","author":"Shurson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.4141\/A03-112","article-title":"Wheat by-products in poultry nutrition. Part I. Chemical and nutritive composition of wheat screenings, bakery by-products and wheat mill run","volume":"84","author":"Slominski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can. J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0024","first-page":"771","article-title":"Amino acid digestibility in soybean meal sourced from different regions of the United States and fed to pigs","volume":"95","author":"Sotak-Peper","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.2527\/2006.844853x","article-title":"Amino acid and energy digestibility in ten samples of distillers dried grain with solubles by growing pigs","volume":"84","author":"Stein","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2005-742","article-title":"Invited review: amino acid bioavailability and digestibility in pig feed ingredients: terminology and application","volume":"85","author":"Stein","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1064580","article-title":"Review article. Former food products safety evaluation: computer vision as an innovative approach for the packaging remnants detection","volume":"1064580","author":"Tretola","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Food Qual"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9080516","article-title":"Influence of traditional vs alternative dietary carbohydrates sources on the large intestinal microbiota in post-weaning piglets","volume":"9","author":"Tretola","year":"2019","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1080\/1828051X.2019.1607784","article-title":"Former food products have no detrimental effects on diet digestibility, growth performance and selected plasma variables in post-weaning piglets","volume":"18","author":"Tretola","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ital. J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5222","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/sky404.392","article-title":"Impact of dietary fiber and immune system stimulation on threonine requirement for protein deposition in growing pigs","volume":"96","author":"Wellington","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2023071412003851700_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3636","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skz225","article-title":"Effect of supplemental threonine above requirement on growth performance of Salmonella typhimurium challenged pigs fed high-fiber diets","volume":"97","author":"Wellington","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Animal Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skad208\/50668047\/skad208.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skad208\/50882752\/skad208.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skad208\/50882752\/skad208.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]],"date-time":"2023-07-14T12:07:58Z","timestamp":1689336478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skad208\/7204723"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"references-count":31,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jas\/skad208","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8812","1525-3163"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-8812","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-3163","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"article-number":"skad208"}}