{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T20:13:45Z","timestamp":1790194425359,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Bile acids (BA), a series of hydroxylated steroids secreted by the liver, are involved in the digestion and absorption of dietary fats. In the present study, the effect of exogenous BAs on the performance and liver lipid metabolism of laying hens was investigated. Three hundred and sixty 50-wk-old Hy-line Brown hens were randomly allocated into three groups and subjected to one of the following treatments: fed with the basal diet (control, Con), the basal diet supplemented with 0.1 g\/kg (0.1 g\/kg BAs), or 0.2 g\/kg (0.2 g\/kg BAs) porcine BAs. Laying performance, egg quality, and blood parameters were measured during the 8-wk experimental period. The expression of genes related to hepatic lipid metabolism was determined at the end of experiment. The results showed that BAs treatments had no influence (P\u2005&amp;gt;\u20050.05) on laying rate, egg weight, and feed efficiency. BAs treatment, however, significantly decreased mortality of hens (P\u2005=\u20050.006). BAs treatment showed a transient negative influence on eggshell quality at week 4 but not at week 8. The yolk color on week 8 was increased by BAs treatments (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.0001) compared to control. The duodenum index showed a tendency to be increased (P\u2005=\u20050.053) and jejunum index were increased (P\u2005=\u20050.007) by BAs treatment. Compared to control, BAs treatments decreased lipid droplet content (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.0001) and TG content (P\u2005=\u20050.002) of liver. Fatty acid synthase activity was also decreased as an effect of BAs dietary supplementation. Compared to the control group, 0.1 g\/kg BAs treatment increased (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) the mRNA expression of genes Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) (P\u2005=\u20050.042), cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1 (CYP7A1) (P\u2005=\u20050.002), and cytochrome P450 family 8 subfamily B member 1 (CYP8B1) (P\u2005=\u20050.017), fatty acid synthase (FAS) (P\u2005=\u20050.020), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) (P\u2005=\u20050.032), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) (P\u2005=\u20050.037), proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR\u03b3) (P\u2005=\u20050.002), apolipoprotein B (APO-B) (P\u2005=\u20050.020), and very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) (P\u2005=\u20050.024). In conclusion, the addition of exogenous BAs reduces lipid accumulation in liver. BA supplementation reduces the mortality of hens and improves egg yolk color, with no unfavorable effect on laying performance. The result suggests that suppressed FAS activity is involved in the reduced hepatic lipid accumulation by BAs treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skad334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T00:15:28Z","timestamp":1695860128000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Effect of exogenous bile salts supplementation on the performance and hepatic lipid metabolism of aged laying hens"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Lijing","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University , 61, Daizong Street, Taian City, Shandong Province 271018 , PRChina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University , 61, Daizong Street, Taian City, Shandong Province 271018 , PRChina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongchao","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University , 61, Daizong Street, Taian City, Shandong Province 271018 , PRChina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University , 61, Daizong Street, Taian City, Shandong Province 271018 , PRChina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingpeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University , 61, Daizong Street, Taian City, Shandong Province 271018 , PRChina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haifang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University , 61, Daizong Street, Taian City, Shandong Province 271018 , PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunlei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University , 61, Daizong Street, Taian City, Shandong Province 271018 , PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aizhi","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Longchang Animal Health Products Co., Ltd ., Jingshi Street, Jinan City, Shandong Province 250000 , PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianmin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Longchang Animal Health Products Co., Ltd ., Jingshi Street, Jinan City, Shandong Province 250000 , PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0878-137X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hai","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University , 61, Daizong Street, Taian City, Shandong Province 271018 , PRChina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5872","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-30007-1","article-title":"Association of feed efficiency with organ characteristics and fatty liver haemorrhagic syndrome in laying hens","volume":"13","author":"Anene","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457608418164","article-title":"Fatty liver diseases in the domestic fowl -- a review","volume":"5","author":"Butler","year":"1976","journal-title":"Avian Pathol"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex358","article-title":"Feed habituation alleviates decreased feed intake after feed replacement in broilers","volume":"97","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3727\/105221618X15156018385515","article-title":"Bile acid metabolism in liver pathobiology","volume":"18","author":"Chiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gene Expr"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G554","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00223.2019","article-title":"Bile acid receptors FXR and TGR5 signaling in fatty liver diseases and therapy","volume":"318","author":"Chiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2021.06.012","article-title":"FXR activation protects against NAFLD via bile-acid-dependent reductions in lipid absorption","volume":"33","author":"Clifford","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1258\/002367797780600297","article-title":"Recommendations for euthanasia of experimental animals: part 2. DGXT of the European Commission","volume":"31","author":"Close","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lab. Anim"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2019.108912","article-title":"Activated FXR promotes xenobiotic metabolism of T-2 toxin and attenuates oxidative stress in broiler chicken liver","volume":"316","author":"Dai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.03.013","article-title":"Pleiotropic roles of bile acids in metabolism","volume":"17","author":"de Aguiar Vallim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/77.3.253","article-title":"Effect of bile acids on egg production, serum cholesterol and egg cholesterol in hens","volume":"77","author":"Edwards Jr","year":"1962","journal-title":"J. Nutr"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(73)90208-7","article-title":"Solubilization of -carotene and retinol into aqueous solutions of mixed micelles","volume":"306","author":"El-Gorab","year":"1973","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey434","article-title":"Effects of diets with different energy and bile acids levels on growth performance and lipid metabolism in broilers","volume":"98","author":"Ge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12101258","article-title":"Effects of fat type and exogenous bile acids on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, lipid metabolism and breast muscle fatty acid composition in broiler chickens","volume":"12","author":"Geng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)00051-4","article-title":"A regulatory cascade of the nuclear receptors FXR, SHP-1, and LRH-1 represses bile acid biosynthesis","volume":"6","author":"Goodwin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2509","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey596","article-title":"Interactions between the cecal microbiota and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis using laying hens as the model","volume":"98","author":"Hamid","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2016.1163522","article-title":"In vitro bile acid-binding capacity of dietary fibre sources and their effects with bile acid on broiler chicken performance and lipid digestibility","volume":"57","author":"Hemati Matin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0017","first-page":"230","article-title":"Malic enzyme","volume":"13","author":"Hsu","year":"1969","journal-title":"Academic Press"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2014-8739","article-title":"Heat stress impairs mitochondria functions and induces oxidative injury in broiler chickens","volume":"93","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0710373","article-title":"Comparison of techniques for egg component yields","volume":"71","author":"Hussein","year":"1992","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.07.046","article-title":"Bile acid is a host factor that regulates the composition of the cecal microbiota in rats","volume":"141","author":"Islam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex351","article-title":"Impact of egg handling and conditions during extended storage on egg quality","volume":"97","author":"Jones","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex288","article-title":"Effects of dietary supplemental bile acids on performance, carcass characteristics, serum lipid metabolites and intestinal enzyme activities of broiler chickens","volume":"97","author":"Lai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.05.011","article-title":"Animal models to study bile acid metabolism","volume":"1865","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.11.005","article-title":"ACOX2 deficiency: An inborn error of bile acid synthesis identified in an adolescent with persistent hypertransaminasemia","volume":"66","author":"Monte","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hepatol"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13375","article-title":"Health benefits of carotenoids and potential application in poultry industry: A review","volume":"104","author":"Nabi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl)"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0025","volume-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Poultry","author":"NRC","year":"1994","edition":"9th rev. ed."},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2016.03.007","article-title":"Chenodeoxycholic acid reduces feed intake and modulates the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides and hepatic lipogenic genes in broiler chickens","volume":"229","author":"Piekarski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2738","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0592738","article-title":"The effect of bile acids and lipase on absorption of tallow in young chicks","volume":"59","author":"Polin","year":"1980","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2013.09.018","article-title":"Ursodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acids: A good and a bad bile acid for intestinal calcium absorption","volume":"540","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S120","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R800026-JLR200","article-title":"Fifty years of advances in bile acid synthesis and metabolism","volume":"50","author":"Russell","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaa315","article-title":"Use of encapsulated L-lysine-HCl and DL-methionine improves postprandial amino acid balance in laying hens","volume":"98","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey415","article-title":"The development of antioxidant system in the intestinal tract of broiler chickens","volume":"98","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3681","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey229","article-title":"Heat exposure affects jejunal tight junction remodeling independently of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in 9-day-old broiler chicks","volume":"97","author":"Uerlings","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.52.070183.002541","article-title":"Fatty Acid Synthesis and its Regulation","volume":"52","author":"Wakil","year":"1983","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey092","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 mRNA expression profile in chickens and its response to dietary phosphorus","volume":"97","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00600","article-title":"Supplemental Clostridium butyricum modulates lipid metabolism through shaping gut microbiota and bile acid profile of aged laying hens","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI21025","article-title":"Bile acids lower triglyceride levels via a pathway involving FXR, SHP, and SREBP- 1c","volume":"113","author":"Watanabe","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04330","article-title":"Bile acids induce energy expenditure by promoting intracellular thyroid hormone activation","volume":"439","author":"Watanabe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0970408","article-title":"The effect of bile, bile acids and detergents on calcium absorption in the chick","volume":"97","author":"Webling","year":"1965","journal-title":"Biochem. J"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895831","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.895831","article-title":"Safety evaluation of porcine bile acids in laying hens: effects on laying performance, egg quality, blood parameters, organ indexes, and intestinal development","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2022.08.003","article-title":"Dietary supplementation of porcine bile acids improves laying performance, serum lipid metabolism and cecal microbiota in late-phase laying hens","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anim. Nutr"},{"key":"2024041812234031600_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747136","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.747136","article-title":"The effect of exogenous bile acids on antioxidant status and gut microbiota in heat-stressed broiler chickens","volume":"8","author":"Yin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Nutr"}],"container-title":["Journal of Animal Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skad334\/51798834\/skad334.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skad334\/57267232\/skad334.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skad334\/57267232\/skad334.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T08:24:07Z","timestamp":1713428647000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skad334\/7286367"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"references-count":42,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jas\/skad334","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8812","1525-3163"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-8812","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-3163","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"article-number":"skad334"}}