{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T17:39:51Z","timestamp":1789839591751,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In the Northern Great Plains, cattle may be exposed to water with an elevated sulfate concentration resulting in ruminal hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production and risk of copper deficiency. There are currently few strategies available to help mitigate effects arising from high-sulfate water (HS). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding a moderate-forage diet with or without bismuth subsalicylate (BSS; 0.0% vs. 0.4% DM basis) when provided water with a low- (LS; 346\u2005\u00b1\u200513) or HS (4,778\u2005\u00b1\u2005263\u00a0mg\/L) concentration on feed and water intake, ruminal H2S concentration, and liver and serum trace-mineral concentrations. Twenty-four Limousin\u2005\u00d7\u2005Simmental cross beef heifers (221\u2005\u00b1\u200541\u00a0kg) were stratified based on initial liver Cu into a completely randomized block design with a 2\u2005\u00d7\u20052 factorial treatment arrangement. Feed and water intake (measured weekly), ruminal H2S concentration (measured on days 42 and 91), liver (measured on days \u221213 and 91), and serum trace-mineral concentrations (measured on days 1, 28, 56, and 91) were evaluated. Initial liver trace-mineral concentrations were used as a covariate in the statistical model. Water intake tended to be reduced with the inclusion of BSS (P\u2005=\u20050.095) but was not affected by water sulfate (P\u2005=\u20050.40). Water sulfate and BSS did not affect dry matter intake (DMI; P\u2005\u2265\u20050.89). Heifers consuming HS had a ruminal H2S concentration that was 1.58\u00a0mg\/L more (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.001) than LS. The inclusion of BSS reduced (P\u2005=\u20050.035) ruminal H2S concentration by more than 44% (1.35 vs. 0.75\u00a0mg\/L). Regardless of the water sulfate concentration, heifers fed BSS had lesser liver Cu concentration (average of 4.08\u00a0mg\/kg) than heifers not provided BSS, and when not provided BSS, HS had lesser Cu than LS (42.2 vs. 58.3; sulfate\u2005\u00d7\u2005BSS, P\u2005=\u20050.019). The serum concentration of Cu did not differ over time for heifers not provided BSS; whereas, heifers provided BSS had lesser serum Cu concentration on day 91 than on days 28 and 55 (BSS\u2005\u00d7\u2005time, P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.001). The liver concentration of selenium was reduced (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.001) with BSS inclusion but the selenium concentration in serum was not affected by sulfate, BSS, or time (P\u2005\u2265\u20050.16). BSS reduced ruminal H2S concentration, but depleted liver Cu and Se. Moreover, sulfate concentration in water did not appear to affect DMI, water intake, or growth, but increased ruminal H2S and reduced liver Cu concentration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skae031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T18:31:40Z","timestamp":1706812300000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of water sulfate and dietary bismuth subsalicylate on feed and water intake, ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentration, and trace-mineral status of growing beef heifers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Mikaela G","family":"Evans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada S7N 5A8"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada S7N 5A8"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6335-7208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel O","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada S7N 5A8"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7636-0369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darren H","family":"Henry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anipro Xtraformance Nutrition , Tifton, GA 31793 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Waldner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada S7N 5A8"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6396-2130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory B","family":"Penner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada S7N 5A8"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024022318563649600_CIT0002","author":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024022318563649600_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3883","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2016-0502","article-title":"Effects of dietary roughage and sulfur in diets containing corn dried distillers grains with solubles on hydrogen sulfide production and fermentation by rumen microbes in vitro","volume":"94","author":"Binversie","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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