{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:04:13Z","timestamp":1753877053655,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]],"date-time":"2024-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":260,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels is one of the hallmark symptoms of fescue toxicosis in cattle. Thus, it was hypothesized that exposure to ergot alkaloids would increase the pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP). The objectives of this study were to examine the relationship between PAP and different physiological parameters of cows grazing either endophyte-infected (EI) or novel-endophyte (EN) fescue, then evaluate changes in PAP and other physiological measurements in cows exposed to EI pastures and deemed as susceptible or tolerant based on animal performance. Pregnant Angus cows at 2 different locations grazed either EI or EN fescue pastures for 14 consecutive weeks starting in early April of 2022. Forage measurements were collected to assess ergot alkaloid exposure throughout the study. In addition to measuring PAP, weekly measurements and blood samples were collected to evaluate physiological responses to ergot alkaloid consumption. The Fescue Toxicosis Selection Method (FTSM) was used for a post hoc analysis to identify cattle as either tolerant (EI-TOL) or susceptible (EI-SUS) when challenged with ergot alkaloid exposure. Data were analyzed using a MIXED procedure of SAS with repeated measures. Cows grazing on EN pastures had greater mean PAP values than EI cows, (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.01), whereas a location effect was identified when comparing both EI-TOL and EI-SUS groups (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.01). Cows exposed to EN pastures had greater average daily gain (ADG) (P\u2005=\u20050.04) and progesterone (P4) concentrations (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.01), and lower hair shedding scores (HSS; P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.01) than EI cows. The EI-TOL cows tended to have greater final body weight, ADG and had lower HSS (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.01) than EI-SUS cows. While cattle consuming EI tall fescue exhibited classical physiological changes, the decrease in PAP of cattle consuming EI fescue was unexpected and contradicted the initial hypothesis. Furthermore, the FTSM provides a means to identify animals with superior performance in spite of the chronic exposure to ergot alkaloids. Continued investigations examining the interaction between ergot alkaloid exposure and cardiovascular parameters will lead to a fuller understanding of the disease and are pivotal for developing innovative strategies that enhance best management practices to help guarantee the sustainability of the U.S. beef industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skae279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]],"date-time":"2024-09-17T19:35:30Z","timestamp":1726601730000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Exploring the impacts of fescue toxicosis on the pulmonary arterial pressure of angus cows"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"E Benjamin","family":"Rajo-Gomez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC 27695 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariam","family":"Giurgis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC 27695 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carrie L","family":"Pickworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC 27695 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew R","family":"Weaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC 27695 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Derek M","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC 27695 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piush","family":"Khanal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STgenetics , Navasota, TX 77868 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel H","family":"Poole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC 27695 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2006-821","article-title":"Hemodynamic responses of the caudal artery to toxic tall fescue in beef heifers","volume":"85","author":"Aiken","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2142","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-1562","article-title":"Hemodynamics are altered in the caudal artery of beef heifers fed different ergot alkaloid concentrations","volume":"87","author":"Aiken","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.15232\/S1080-7446(15)30497-6","article-title":"Disrupted hair follicle activity in cattle grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue in the summer insulates core body temperatures","volume":"27","author":"Aiken","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prof. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.34.5.576-581.1977","article-title":"Epichlo\u00eb typhina from toxic tall fescue grasses","volume":"34","author":"Bacon","year":"1977","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.1983.tb00466.x","article-title":"Responses of pulmonary vasculature of cattle to dopamine and apomorphine","volume":"6","author":"Bakunzi","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0048","first-page":"4517","article-title":"Black globe-humidity comfort index for dairy cows","author":"Buffington","year":"1977","journal-title":"Winter Meeting of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph"},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2011-4603","article-title":"Performance by spring and fall-calving cows grazing with full, limited, or no access to toxic neotyphodium coenophialum-infected tall fescue","volume":"91","author":"Caldwell","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10495398.2013.796960","article-title":"A single nucleotide polymorphism in the dopamine receptor D2 gene may be informative for resistance to fescue toxicosis in angus-based cattle","volume":"25","author":"Campbell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2684","DOI":"10.2527\/2005.83112684x","article-title":"Effect of rotation frequency and weaning date on forage measurements and growth performance by cows and calves grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue pastures overseeded with crabgrass and legumes","volume":"83","author":"Coffey","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1094\/FG-2007-1217-03-RS","article-title":"Agronomic performance of stockpiled tall fescue varies with endophyte infection status","volume":"5","author":"Drewnoski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Forage Grazing."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0012","first-page":"141","article-title":"Anaphylactic hypersensitivity in sheep lung in vitro: (vascular schultz-dale response and bioamine liberation)","volume":"222","author":"Eyre","year":"1976","journal-title":"Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(92)90058-Y","article-title":"A preliminary study of growth, serum prolactin and reproductive performance of beef heifers grazing acremonium coenophialum-infected tall fescue","volume":"38","author":"Fanning","year":"1992","journal-title":"Theriogenology."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2011.02.009","article-title":"Differences in hair coat shedding, and effects on calf weaning weight and BCS among angus dams","volume":"140","author":"Gray","year":"2011","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5487","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2015-9229","article-title":"Bill E. Kunkle Interdisciplinary Beef Symposium: coping with tall fescue toxicosis: solutions and realities","volume":"93","author":"Kallenbach","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2007.08.001","article-title":"Pulmonary arterial pressure testing for high disease in cattle","volume":"23","author":"Holt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870101300407","article-title":"Correlation of ergovaline and lolitrem B levels in endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)","volume":"13","author":"Hovermale","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins7082801","article-title":"Activities and effects of ergot alkaloids on livestock physiology and production","volume":"7","author":"Klotz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxins."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5512","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2015-9261","article-title":"Bill E. Kunkle Interdisciplinary Beef Symposium: physiologic effects of ergot alkaloids: what happens when excretion does not equal consumption","volume":"93","author":"Klotz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5861","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6861","article-title":"Functionally reciprocal mutations of the prolactin signalling pathway define hairy and slick cattle","volume":"5","author":"Littlejohn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.15232\/S1080-7446(15)30562-3","article-title":"Identification of polymorphisms in the enhancer region of the bovine prolactin gene and association with profitability traits of beef cattle","volume":"26","author":"Looper","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prof. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2015-9969","article-title":"Effect of protein supplementation and forage allowance on the growth and reproduction of beef heifers grazing stockpiled tall fescue","volume":"94","author":"Lyons","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1532\/S1080-7446(15)30851-2","article-title":"Case study: influence of rough hair coats and steroid implants on the performance and physiology of steers grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue in the summer","volume":"24","author":"McClanahan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prof. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2014.00088","article-title":"Warming reduces tall fescue abundance but stimulates toxic alkaloid concentrations in transition zone pastures of the US","volume":"2","author":"McCulley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"year":"2023","author":"North Carolina State University Environment & Climate Observing Network (ECONet)","journal-title":"North Carolina State Climate Office website, North Carolina State University\u2013","key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0047"},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2011-4725","article-title":"Effects of selected endophyte and tall fescue cultivar combinations on steer grazing performance, indicators of fescue toxicosis, feedlot performance, and carcass traits","volume":"91","author":"Parish","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/sky262","article-title":"Evaluation of moderate to high elevation effects on pulmonary arterial pressure measures in angus cattle","volume":"96","author":"Pauling","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2013-7142","article-title":"Bovine lateral saphenous veins exposed to ergopeptine alkaloids do not relax","volume":"92","author":"Pesqueira","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0028","first-page":"4812","article-title":"Ergot alkaloids induce vasoconstriction of bovine uterine and ovarian blood vessels","volume":"96","author":"Poole","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skz024","article-title":"Impact of slick hair trait on physiological and reproductive performance in beef heifers consuming ergot alkaloids from endophyte-infected tall fescue","volume":"97","author":"Poole","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12120796","article-title":"Evaluation of resistance to fescue toxicosis in purebred angus cattle utilizing animal performance and cytokine response","volume":"12","author":"Poole","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxins."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.2527\/1992.7051594x","article-title":"Effects of fescue toxicosis on reproduction in livestock","volume":"70","author":"Porter","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0032","first-page":"1","article-title":"106 Exposure to ergot alkaloids and heat stress alter pulmonary arterial pressure and nutritional intake in beef heifers","volume":"102","author":"Rajo-Gomez","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.2527\/1991.6952033x","article-title":"Reduced blood-flow to peripheral and core body-tissues in sheep and cattle induced by endophyte-infected tall fescue","volume":"69","author":"Rhodes","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1986.622300x","article-title":"Effect of varying levels of postpartum nutrition and body condition at calving on subsequent reproductive-performance in beef cattle","volume":"62","author":"Richards","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1094\/CM-2004-0427-01-MG","article-title":"Tall fescue toxicosis and management","volume":"3","author":"Roberts","year":"2004","journal-title":"Crop Manage."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1159\/000178634","article-title":"Influence of season on plasma prolactin level in cattle from birth to maturity","volume":"5","author":"Schams","year":"1974","journal-title":"Horm. Res."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2010-3478","article-title":"Board-Invited Review: St. Anthony\u2019s fire in livestock: causes, mechanisms, and potential solutions","volume":"89","author":"Strickland","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0038","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in beef cattle: complicated threat to health and productivity in multiple beef industry segments","volume-title":"Certified Angus Beef White Papers","author":"Thomas","year":"2018"},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0039","first-page":"140","article-title":"Correlation of endophyte toxins (ergovaline and lolitrem B) with clinical disease: fescue foot and perennial ryegrass staggers","volume":"43","author":"Tor-Agbidye","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vet. Human Toxicol."},{"year":"2014","author":"University of Nebraska-Lincoln Beef","journal-title":"Handling Cattle through High Heat Humidity Indexes","key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0049"},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0041","first-page":"555","article-title":"The anatomy and physiology of the bovine respiratory system relating to pulmonary disease","volume":"68","author":"Veit","year":"1978","journal-title":"Cornell Vet."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0042","first-page":"289","article-title":"Endophyte effects on Cattle","volume-title":"Tall fescue for the twenty-first century","author":"Waller","year":"2009"},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3388","DOI":"10.2527\/2004.82113388x","article-title":"Productivity of cow-calf pairs grazing tall fescue pastures infected with either the wild-type endophyte or a non-ergot alkaloid-producing endophyte strain, AR542","volume":"82","author":"Watson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-146-38217","article-title":"Relationship of ambient-temperature to serum prolactin in heifers","volume":"146","author":"Wettemann","year":"1974","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"2024112310260368900_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2014.00095","article-title":"Characterization of Epichlo\u00eb coenophiala within the US: are all tall fescue endophytes created equal","volume":"2","author":"Young","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Chem."}],"container-title":["Journal of Animal Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skae279\/59157201\/skae279.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skae279\/60794733\/skae279.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skae279\/60794733\/skae279.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,23]],"date-time":"2024-11-23T10:26:27Z","timestamp":1732357587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skae279\/7759635"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":45,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jas\/skae279","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8812","1525-3163"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0021-8812"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1525-3163"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"article-number":"skae279"}}