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Sixty-four nursery pigs (6.8\u2005\u00b1\u20050.3\u00a0kg) were assigned to 4 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design, with initial body weight and sex as blocks, and fed for 28 d in 3 phases. Treatments were a basal diet fed to pigs without F18+E. coli challenge (NC) and 3 levels of MBB (0.0%, 0.1%, and 0.2%) in pigs challenged with F18+E. coli. On day 7 of the study, pigs in the challenged group were orally inoculated with F18+E. coli (1.5\u2005\u00d7\u20051010 CFU). On days 7 and 21 post-challenge, pigs were euthanized to collect jejunal tissues and mucosa. Compared to the NC, 0.0% MBB increased (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) relative abundance (RA) of Staphylococcus saprophyticus and reduced (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) Streptococcus parasuis at days 7 and 21 post-challenge, respectively. Increasing levels of MBB decreased (linear: P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) RA of S. saprophyticus on day 7 post-challenge. Compared to the NC, 0.0% MBB increased (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) jejunal NOD2 and IL-6 expression and decreased (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) ZO-1 on day 7 post-challenge. Compared to the NC, 0.0% MBB decreased (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) jejunal IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-\u03b1 and increased (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) IgG on day 21 post-challenge. Increasing levels of MBB increased OCLN (linear: P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) and ZO-1 (linear and quadratic: P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) on day 7 post-challenge and decreased toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4; linear and quadratic: P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05). Compared to the NC, 0.0% MBB decreased (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) Ki-67+ on day 7 post-challenge. Increasing levels of MBB increased (linear: P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) Ki-67+ on day 7 post-challenge and villus height (VH):CD on d 21 post-challenge. In the overall period, compared to the NC, 0.0% MBB decreased (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) average daily gain. Increasing daily MBB intake linearly increased OCLN on day 7 and VH:CD on day 21, and reduced TLR4 and IL-8 on day 21 post-challenge, but exhibiting quadratic effects (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) on ZO-1 (optimal at 0.12% of MBB), IgG (optimal at 0.14% of MBB), and G:F during days 7 to 20 and days 7 to 28 (optimal at 0.22% and 0.10% of MBB, respectively). In conclusion, F18+E. coli challenge negatively modulated the jejunal mucosal microbiota and reduced intestinal morphology and growth of nursery pigs. Supplementation of MBB at 0.10% to 0.14% provided optimal mitigation of the impacts of F18+E. coli challenge on humoral immunity, intestinal integrity, jejunal morphology, and feed efficiency of pigs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaf047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T06:25:27Z","timestamp":1739600727000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Investigation of the nutritional and functional roles of a microencapsulated blend of botanicals on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs challenged with F18+<i>Escherichia coli<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Yesid","family":"Garavito-Duarte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5597-748X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Bonetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Tugnoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vetagro S.p.A. , Reggio Emilia,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunjun","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Piva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vetagro S.p.A. , Reggio Emilia,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Universit\u00e0 di Bologna , Ozzano dell\u2019Emilia,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ester","family":"Grilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vetagro S.p.A. , Reggio Emilia,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Universit\u00e0 di Bologna , Ozzano dell\u2019Emilia,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4591-1943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025033121343304300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.2527\/2004.8213_supplE245x","article-title":"How many pigs? 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