{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:04:34Z","timestamp":1753877074402,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Reproductive health of male offspring following perturbations in maternal nutrition is not well-described in the horse; therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of maternal overnutrition on neonatal foal testicular development. Sixteen Quarter Horse mares were used in a completely randomized design and stratified by expected foaling date, body weight, and body condition score into 1 of 2 dietary treatments beginning on gestational day 235: control (CON; n\u2005=\u20058) fed to meet nutrient requirements and overfed (HIGH; n\u2005=\u20058) fed 40% above CON. At 5\u00a0h postpartum, foals were euthanized, and testes from male foals were harvested, weighed, and stored for analyses. Samples were numerically coded in a blinded fashion and processed randomly to eliminate bias. Histomorphometric evaluations were performed following a hematoxylin &amp; eosin stain and evaluated using ImageJ. All data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure in SAS v9.4. Horse within treatment served as a random effect, with a main effect of treatment. For RNA sequencing, differential gene expression analysis used DESeq2 1.20.0 R package to compare gene expression levels between CON and HIGH, and P-values were adjusted using the Benjamini\u2013Hochberg correction. The threshold for significance was set at P\u2005\u2264\u20050.05 with trends toward significance at 0.05\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005P\u2005\u2264\u20050.10, with sequencing data using adjusted P-values. Stringency was set to include differentially expressed genes with an unadjusted P-value &amp;lt; 0.05 for pathway enrichment analysis. Testes from HIGH foals (n\u2005=\u20054) were 61% heavier than testes from CON foals (n\u2005=\u20054; P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.01). There was no difference in individual seminiferous tubule area (P\u2005=\u20050.76) or Sertoli cell number within tubule (P\u2005=\u20050.57); however, testes from HIGH foals had 2.3 times fewer tubules per 10\u00d7 magnification field than CON foals (P\u2005=\u20050.01). Further, tubules represented a lesser percentage of image area relative to interstitial tissue in testes from HIGH foals (P\u2005=\u20050.05). RNA sequencing revealed 56 differentially expressed genes between HIGH and CON testes (P-adjusted &amp;lt; 0.05). Differentially expressed genes represented biological processes related to steroidogenesis, cell regulation, and energy metabolism. Thus, late gestation maternal overnutrition alters fetal testicular development with potential long-term implications for reproductive function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaf060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T20:59:33Z","timestamp":1741121973000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Late gestation maternal overnutrition alters gene expression and histomorphology in neonatal foal testes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Alex M","family":"Trauner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal & Range Sciences, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT 59717,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah R","family":"McCoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal & Range Sciences, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT 59717,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M Carey","family":"Satterfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX 77843,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda N","family":"Bradbery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal & Range Sciences, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT 59717,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025040508324717000_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.112.102020","article-title":"Sperm motility is lost in vitro as a consequence of mitochondrial free radical production and the generation of electrophilic aldehydes but can be significantly rescued by the presence of nucleophilic thiols","volume":"87","author":"Aitken","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. 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