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Objectives of experiments reported herein were to test the hypotheses that maternal nutrition during mid- to late-gestation interacts with postnatal nutrition during the juvenile period in heifers to impact (1) tonic secretion of gonadotropins, and (2) estradiol-17\u03b2 (E2) negative and positive feedback responsiveness in adulthood. Heifers were selected from a larger population programmed nutritionally using a 3 \u00d7 2 factorial arrangement of pre- and postnatal diets. Beginning at 90 d of pregnancy, Bos indicus-influenced cows (n\u2005=\u200595) bearing heifer fetuses were fed to achieve body condition scores (1 to 9 scale) of 3 to 3.5 (L; thin), 5.5 to 6 (M; moderate), or 7.5 to 8 (H; obese) by the onset of the third trimester and maintained thereafter. Heifer offspring were weaned at 3 to 3.5 mo of age and assigned to either a low- (L; 0.5\u00a0kg\/d) or high-gain (H; 1.0\u00a0kg\/d) diet until 8 mo of age, then fed a common diet until puberty. Heifers (n\u2005=\u200518; 6\/group) representing HH, MH, and LL combinations were ovariectomized postpubertally and received E2 replacement. In experiment 1, blood samples were collected at 10-min intervals to evaluate pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) for 5.5\u00a0h. Heifers in the MH group (1.25\u2005\u00b1\u20050.11\u00a0ng\/mL) tended (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.09) to have greater amplitude of LH pulses compared to HH (0.91\u2005\u00b1\u20050.14\u00a0ng\/mL) and LL groups (0.96\u2005\u00b1\u20050.09\u00a0ng\/mL); otherwise, frequency, amplitude, and mean concentrations of LH and FSH did not differ among groups. In experiment 2, heifers received E2 (2.4 \u03bcg\/kg I.M.), with blood sampling at 30-min to 1-h intervals for 30\u00a0h. Exogenous E2 (experiment 2) suppressed (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.0001) mean plasma concentrations of LH and FSH equally among groups, then stimulated equivalent surges of LH beginning at 14\u2005\u00b1\u20050.4\u00a0h, with only 2 FSH surges detected. Similarly, neither negative nor positive feedback responsiveness to E2 differed among the treatment combinations studied..<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaf065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T11:43:12Z","timestamp":1741347792000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Perinatal nutritional effects on postpubertal secretion of gonadotropins and feedback responsiveness to estradiol-17\u03b2 in sexually mature heifers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Viviana","family":"Garza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX\u00a077845 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Animal Reproduction Laboratory, Texas A&M AgriLife Research , Beeville, TX\u00a078102 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie\u00a0I","family":"Kellerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Reproduction Laboratory, Texas A&M AgriLife Research , Beeville, TX\u00a078102 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatiane S","family":"Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX\u00a077845 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Animal Reproduction Laboratory, Texas A&M AgriLife Research , Beeville, TX\u00a078102 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo C","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX\u00a077845 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary L","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX\u00a077845 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Animal Reproduction Laboratory, Texas A&M AgriLife Research , Beeville, TX\u00a078102 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025042109365120800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2080","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2016.1002","article-title":"Interaction of dietary energy source and body weight gain during the juvenile period on metabolic endocrine status and age at puberty in beef heifers","volume":"95","author":"Allen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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